Residues of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and PCBs in eggs, fat and livers of laying hens following consumption of contaminated feed

Traag, W.A.; Kan, C.A.; Weg, G. van der; Onstenk, C.G.M.; Hoogenboom, L.A.P.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.001

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is contrary to Traag et al. (), who fed laying hens with feed from the Belgian incident in 1999 (see Section 1.3.1) (10‐fold diluted; 200 ng WHO 1998 ‐TEQ per kg) for 7 days followed by 42 days on clean feed. Animals were slaughtered at the end of the treatment and after 1, 3 and 6 weeks on clean feed.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 78%

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2018

EFS2

137

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The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL‐PCBs in feed and food. The data from experimental animal and epidemiological studies were reviewed and it was decided to base the human risk assessment on effects observed in humans and to use animal data as supportive evidence. The critical effect was on semen quality, following pre‐ and postnatal exposure. The critical study showed a NOAEL of 7.0 pg WHO2005‐TEQ/g fat in blood sampled at age 9 years based on PCDD/F‐TEQs. No association was observed when including DL‐PCB‐TEQs. Using toxicokinetic modelling and taking into account the exposure from breastfeeding and a twofold higher intake during childhood, it was estimated that daily exposure in adolescents and adults should be below 0.25 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. The CONTAM Panel established a TWI of 2 pg TEQ/kg bw/week. With occurrence and consumption data from European countries, the mean and P95 intake of total TEQ by Adolescents, Adults, Elderly and Very Elderly varied between, respectively, 2.1 to 10.5, and 5.3 to 30.4 pg TEQ/kg bw/week, implying a considerable exceedance of the TWI. Toddlers and Other Children showed a higher exposure than older age groups, but this was accounted for when deriving the TWI. Exposure to PCDD/F‐TEQ only was on average 2.4‐ and 2.7‐fold lower for mean and P95 exposure than for total TEQ. PCDD/Fs and DL‐PCBs are transferred to milk and eggs, and accumulate in fatty tissues and liver. Transfer rates and bioconcentration factors were identified for various species. The CONTAM Panel was not able to identify reference values in most farm and companion animals with the exception of NOAELs for mink, chicken and some fish species. The estimated exposure from feed for these species does not imply a risk.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 78%

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2018

EFS2

137

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“…After excluding various other causes, he decided to pay the relatively high costs for a dioxin analysis. Levels of dioxins in feed and hens turned out to be extremely high, being 781 ng TEQ kg À1 and 958 pg TEQ g À1 fat (Traag, Kan, van der Weg, Onstenk, & Hoogenboom, 2006). The predominance of the chlorinated furans (PCDFs) indicated the presence of PCBs, which was confirmed by additional analyses, showing a level of 30 mg kg À1 feed for the 7 indicator PCBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

European developments following incidents with dioxins and PCBs in the food and feed chain

Hoogenboom¹,

Traag²,

Fernandes

et al. 2015

Food Control

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“…In this way, Traag et al (2006) established that the behavior of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs in laying hens, which were fed with feed from the Belgian dioxin incident, is comparable, and these authors highlighted the need of replacing the contaminated feed with clean feed to avoid PCDD, PCDF and PCB residues in eggs, fat and livers of laying hens. Therefore, Schmid et al (2002) found elevated PCDD/F concentrations in eggs (13 pg I-TEQ/g fat), poultry (3.9 pg I-TEQ/g fat) and pork (7.5 pg I-TEQ/g fat) from…”

Section: Transfer From Feed Ingredients To Animal Productsmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Critical Review about Human Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins (PCDDs), Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) through Foods

Fernández-González

Yebra-Pimentel

Martínez-Carballo

et al. 2013

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

107

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Dioxins include polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and part of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Only the compounds that are chlorinated at the 2,3,7, and 8 positions have characteristic dioxin toxicity. PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs accumulate in the food chain due to their high lipophilicity, high stability, and low vapor pressure. They are not metabolized easily; however their hydroxylated metabolites are detected in feces. They cause a wide range of endocrine disrupting effects in experimental animals, wildlife, and humans. Endocrine related effects of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs on thyroid hormones, neurodevelopment and reproductive development were referenced. In addition, some studies of contamination of foods, bioaccumulation, dietary exposure assessment, as well as challenges of scientific research in these compounds were reviewed.

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Residues of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and PCBs in eggs, fat and livers of laying hens following consumption of contaminated feed

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

European developments following incidents with dioxins and PCBs in the food and feed chain

A Critical Review about Human Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins (PCDDs), Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) through Foods

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