Residues of antimicrobial drugs and feed additives in animal products: regulatory aspects

Anadón, Arturo; Martínez-Larrañaga, María Rosa

doi:10.1016/s0301-6226(99)00026-3

Cited by 87 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The extensive use of antibiotics as therapy, prophylaxis and growth promotion in food-producing animals raises concern of the occurrence of antibiotic residues in edible tissues after slaughter (Anadon and Martinez-Larranaga, 1999). Antibiotic residues in food have been linked to growing public health concerns over the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, human allergic reactions and imbalances in intestinal microflora.…”

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confidence: 99%

Correlation analysis of heat stability of veterinary antibiotics by structural degradation, changes in antimicrobial activity and genotoxicity

Hsieh¹,

Shyu²,

Liao³

et al. 2011

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The relationship between the structural degradation of veterinary antibiotics, their antimicrobial activity, and possible mutagenicity after heating have not been well investigated sequentially. This study aimed to evaluate the heat stability of 14 veterinary antibiotics under a short-term heating scenario by characterization of their structural degradation and their relationship to resultant changes in antimicrobial activity. Mutagenicity was also examined in four representative antibiotics after 15-min-heat treatments at two temperatures (100 °C and 121 °C). Differential heat stabilities of antibiotics between drug classes, between temperature levels, and among the same class of drugs were discovered. Heat treatment resulted in the reduction of the main peak and the production of new peaks in certain antibiotics, contributing to minimum inhibitory concentration increases of 2-to 1024-fold. Ranking of heat stability by antibiotic classes at 121 °C was highest for sulfonamides, followed by lincomycin, colistin, tetracyclines and β-lactams while at 100 °C sulfonamides equaled lincomycin and and was greater than colistin but variability was observed within different tetracyclines and β-lactams. Correlation analysis suggested that except for doxycycline (DC), structural degradation of the drugs was in good agreement with the reduction in antimicrobial activity, suggesting that degradation also diminished antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, the markedly variable heat stabilities within the classes of tetracyclines and β-lactam antibiotics highlighted the fact that heat stability within these two classes can be very different despite their structural similarity; hence, it is not appropriate to predict heat stability simply by antibiotic class. Mutagenicity (Ames) tests on heated chlortetracycline (CTC) resulted in 2-to 6-fold revertant changes in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. The combined results suggest that correlation analysis of structural degradation and antimicrobial activity offers dual evaluation of a drug's heat stability but gives little advantage over assessment of the resultant toxicity.

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confidence: 99%

Correlation analysis of heat stability of veterinary antibiotics by structural degradation, changes in antimicrobial activity and genotoxicity

Hsieh¹,

Shyu²,

Liao³

et al. 2011

Vet. Med.

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“…축산업이 집단 사육 형태로 규모화 되어감에 따라 병원체 에 노출될 가능성과 질병 전파의 위험성이 더욱 높아지게 되었으며, 이에 따라 질병을 예방 치료하기 위한 약제의 집중 사용이 증가하였다 (Anadon et al, 1999). 그러나, 인간에게 치명적인 항생제 내성을 가진 MRSA(methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus)와 VRE(vancomycin resistant Enterococci) 의 출현으로 가축 성장촉진용 항생제의 사용에 대한 문제점 이 제기되었다 (Murray, 1995 (Sohng et al, 2008).…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Effect of Supplementary Actinomycetes (Nocardia sp. CS682) Ferment on the Laying Performance, Blood Parameters, Immunoglobulin and Small Intestinal Microflora Contents in Laying Hens

Rhee¹,

Shin²,

Kim³

et al. 2011

Korean Journal of Poultry Science

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of CS682, a fermentation product of Actinomycetae(Nocardia sp. CS682), and its commercial product DSC682 Ⓡ on the performance, blood parameters, intestinal microflora, and immune response in laying hens. Hy-Line Brown Ⓡ laying hens were housed in two bird cages.Feeding trial lasted 5 wk under 16.5 h:7.5 h(L:D) lighting regimen. In Exp.1, a total of 480 birds of 86 wk old were assigned to four dietary treatments: Control, Antibiotics (6 ppm avilamycin), CS682-0.1 (CS682 0.1%) and CS682-1.0 (CS682 1.0% supplementation). Each treatment was replicated five times with 24 birds (or 12 cages) per replication. In Exp. 2, a total of 1,000 birds of 26 wk old were assigned to five dietary treatments: Control, Antibiotics (6 ppm avilamycin), DCS682-0.05 (DCS682 0.05%), DCS682-0.1 (DCS682 0.1%), DCS682-0.2 (DCS682 0.2% supplementation). Each treatment was replicated five times with 40 birds (or 20 cages) per replication. In Exp. 1, there were no significant differences among treatments in egg production, egg weight, broken & soft egg production, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. Also, there were no significant differences among treatments in eggshell thickness, eggshell color and Haugh unit. However, eggshell strength was significantly (p<0.05) greater in CS682 and Antibiotics treatments than Control, and egg yolk color was significantly (p<0.05) higher in CS682-1.0 than Control. In Exp. 2, feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) lower in DSC682-0.05 than Control. Lightness(L) of Hunter Lab color of eggshell of DCS and Antibiotics treatments was significantly (p<0.05) lower than Control. Egg yolk color of DCS 0.1 and 0.2 treatments was significantly (p<0.05) higher than Control. Haugh unit increased significantly (p<0.05) in Antibiotics and DCS682-0.1 treatments. The immunoglobulin levels of plasma (IgG and IgA) and eggyolk (IgY) were not significantly affected by treatments. Antibiotics and CS682 or DCS682 treatments significantly (p<0.05 or 0.01) influenced some of the erythrocytes and leukocytes parameters in blood. In Exp.1, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) decreased by CS682 treatments and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) was highest in Antibiotics treatments. In Exp.2, the level of monocyte (MO) decreased in DCS682-0.10 and 0.20 treatments. The cfu of C. perfringens and S. typhimurium in small intestinal content were highest in Control and lowest in Antibiotics in both experiments. In Exp. 2, DSC682-0.05 and -0.1 treatments were highest and Antibiotic treatment was lowest in Lactobacilli spp. The results of the present layer experiments indicated that supplementation of 0.1～0.2% CS682 or DCS682 may increase eggshell strength, color of eggshell and eggyolk, Haugh unit, and control harmful intestinal microbes.(Key words : Nocardia sp. CS682, laying hens, eggshell strength, eggshell color, small intestinal microflora) †

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“…La situación determinó restricciones para el empleo, la determinación de límites máximos de residuos (LMR) en tejidos comestibles y la implementación de periodos de retiro (24).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Disposición de danofloxacina en plasma y en tejidos comestibles de pollos parrilleros

et al. 2017

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Se estudió la disposición de danofloxacina en pollos parrilleros, con el objetivo de establecer parámetros farmacocinéticos en plasma y tejidos y estimar un periodo de retiro. Se dividieron 42 pollos adultos en 14 grupos de 3 individuos cada uno, que recibieron una dosis oral única de 5 mg/kg de danofloxacina, luego de un periodo de ayuno comprendido entre las 12 h previas y las 3 h posteriores a la administración. Cada lote se sacrificó en tiempos preestablecidos, y se obtuvieron muestras de sangre, músculo e hígado en un periodo de hasta 120 h postaplicación. El ensayo consistió en la extracción líquidolíquido del analito, su separación y la cuantificación por cromatografía líquida de alta performance (HPLC). Los promedios de concentración plasmática y tisular por tiempo se analizaron con el programa PK Solution. Mediante el programa WT 1.4 se calculó el periodo de retiro, con base en los límites máximos de residuos (LMR) de 200 y 400 μg/kg, establecidos para músculo e hígado de pollo, respectivamente. La danofloxacina exhibe una rápida absorción, con lo cual logra una Cmáx de 1,1 μg/ml en un Tmáx de 1 h; presenta un t½β (h) de 7,64; 6,16 y 12,77 h en plasma, hígado y músculo, respectivamente; un Vd de 5,51 L/kg; cocientes tejido/plasma de 0,48 y 6,61 en músculo e hígado, respectivamente, y niveles hasta 72 h. Con el análisis de las concentraciones residuales se estima un periodo de resguardo de 1,4 y 3,34 d, para músculo e hígado, respectivamente.

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Residues of antimicrobial drugs and feed additives in animal products: regulatory aspects

Cited by 87 publications

References 22 publications

Correlation analysis of heat stability of veterinary antibiotics by structural degradation, changes in antimicrobial activity and genotoxicity

Correlation analysis of heat stability of veterinary antibiotics by structural degradation, changes in antimicrobial activity and genotoxicity

Effect of Supplementary Actinomycetes (Nocardia sp. CS682) Ferment on the Laying Performance, Blood Parameters, Immunoglobulin and Small Intestinal Microflora Contents in Laying Hens

Disposición de danofloxacina en plasma y en tejidos comestibles de pollos parrilleros

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