Residual stresses in carbon steels after surface hardening with CO2-laser radiation

Endurance limit of pulsed laser hardened component-like specimens—Experiment and simulation

“…If the melting temperature is exceeded or the austenitising temperature is not reached, tensile residual stresses may occur within the hardened zone. In the case of overlapping hardened tracks, a partial tempering of the hardened zones occurs which leads to a local hardness decrease and to tensile residual stresses in most cases [14,18,19].…”