“…Ceramics are also pivotal in clean energy conversion (e.g., solid oxide fuel cells [19]) and energy storage (e.g., solid-state batteries [20]). Ceramic substrates [21] in catalytic converters aid in automobiles' emission control, while ceramic coatings enhance engine performance and durability [22]. Diesel particulate filters [23] made from advanced ceramics reduce harmful vehicle emissions, and ceramic membranes are used for water purification [24].…”