Residual morphogenetic competence in the proximal core region of stage 25 chick limbs: Zwilling's hypothesis revisited

Paulsen, Douglas F.; Miller, Johnetta W.; Bentley, Pamela A.; Donald, Melody R.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(86)90270-8

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We stress here that the cells that give rise to the foot plate have been shown, for the most part, to be of the chondrogenic lineage; this is certainly true by stage 25 and later (Kosher et al, 1986;Leonard and Newman, 1987). Singer, 1972;Crosby and Fallon, 1975;Frederick and Fallon, 1982;Paulsen et al, 1986). Further, simple dissociation of the interdigit reduced morphogenetic potential as noted by Paulsen et al (1986) for the stage 25 chondrocyte lineage.…”

Section: Dissociation Of the Interdigital Mesoderm Decreased Its Morpmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…When the interdigital mesoderm was used to form the recombinant without dissociation the morphogenesis was much better and the outgrowth gave rise to a well-developed digit. Further, simple dissociation of the interdigit reduced morphogenetic potential as noted by Paulsen et al (1986) for the stage 25 chondrocyte lineage. In this context it is important to point out that in our recombinant limbs the morphogenetic potential of the interdigit is significantly reduced by stage 29 when compared with the stage 25 limb bud core chondrocytes (Paulsen et al, 1986, see Introduction).…”

Section: Dissociation Of the Interdigital Mesoderm Decreased Its Morpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We determined whether these cells are capable of forming more than digits, i.e. Also, proximal stage 25 core mesoderm, already beginning chondrogenic differentiation, showed much greater morphogenetic competence in recombinant limbs than the whole stage 25 limb bud mesoderm forming jointed cartilage rods in a limb-like pattern (Paulsen et al, 1986). To do this we used the experimental condition of recombinant limbs that permits the expression of additional properties of limb mesoderm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphogenetic potential of the chick leg interdigital mesoderm when diverted from the cell death program

et al. 1997

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There is evidence that the interdigital mesoderm may be in an undifferentiated state. For example, under experimental manipulation in vivo it may be diverted from cell death to digit formation. In the present work we wanted to analyze the maximum morphogenetic potential of the interdigital cells. To do this we made recombinant limbs of three types, the first using dissociated-reaggregated leg interdigital mesoderm, the second using the same tissue but without dissociation and the third adding a piece of polarizing region to the dissociated interdigit. In all three the massive cell death of the interdigit failed to occur. The first type of recombinant formed a small nodule of cartilage while the other two formed a well-developed digit. Our data indicate that the maximum morphogenetic potential of the interdigital tissue appears constrained to form digits and that dissociation of the tissue decreased this ability; polarizing region restores the ability of dissociated cell recombinants to form a digit. We also analyzed in these recombinants the expression of a battery of genes implicated in interdigital cell death or in digital morphogenesis. The pattern of expression of each gene analyzed was identical in the three types of recombinant limbs. The expression of Msx1 and Msx2 genes was maintained under the ridge indicating a good interaction between the interdigital cells, both dissociated and undissociated, and the apical ridge. The expression of Hoxd-12, Hoxd-13 and Hoxa-13 genes was maintained in the recombinants, indicating that these cells carry information about their autopodial origin, and this correlates well with their distal restricted morphogenetic potential. Finally, the patterns of expression of the Bmp-2, Bmp-4 and Bmp-7 genes indicated that they are independently regulated in the recombinants and that Bmp-4 and Bmp-7 have wider expression domains than the areas of cell death that were only detected under the regressing apical ridge during day 3 of the experiment.

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Section: Dissociation Of the Interdigital Mesoderm Decreased Its Morpmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Dissociation Of the Interdigital Mesoderm Decreased Its Morpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Morphogenetic potential of the chick leg interdigital mesoderm when diverted from the cell death program

et al. 1997

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“…Other examples of analysis of developmental potentials of different subpopulations of limb mesoderm by means of recombinant limbs include the studies by Paulsen et al (1986) and Wada et al (1993). The morphogenesis of the dissociated recombinant limbs has usually been analyzed based on the skeletal pattern.…”

Section: Analysis Of Morphogenetic Potential Of Particular Limb Mesodermmentioning

confidence: 99%

The recombinant limb as a model for the study of limb patterning, and its application to muscle development

Fernandez-Teran

Piedra

Ros

et al. 1999

Cell and Tissue Research

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The recombinant limb is a model system that has proved fruitful for analyzing epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and understanding the functional properties of the components of the limb bud. Here we present an overview of some of the insights obtained through the use of this technique. Among these are the understanding that fore or hind limb identity is inherent to the limb bud mesoderm, that the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is a permissive signaling center and that the limb bud ectoderm plays a central role in the control of dorsoventral polarity. Recombinant limb studies have also allowed the identification of the affected tissue component in several limb mutants. More recently this model has been applied to the study of regulation of gene expressions related to patterning. In this report we use recombinant limbs to analyze pattering of the Pax3 expressing limb muscle cell lineage in the early stages of limb development. In recombinant limbs made without the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA), myoblasts appear intermingled with other mesodermal cells at the beginning of the recombinant limb development. Rapidly thereafter, the muscle precursors segregate and organize around the central forming chondrogenic core of the recombinant. Although this segregation is reminiscent of that occurring during normal development, the myoblasts in the recombinant fail to proliferate appropriately and also fail to migrate distally. Consequently, the muscle pattern in the recombinant limb is defective indicating that normal patterning cues are absent. However, recombinant limbs polarized with a ZPA exhibited a larger mass of muscle cells and a more normal morphogenesis, supporting a role for this signaling center in limb muscle development. Finally, we have ruled out host somite contributions to recombinant limbs by grafting chick recombinant limbs to quail hosts. This initial report demonstrates the value of the recombinant limb model system for dissecting the environmental cues required for normal muscle limb patterning.

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“…For example, preaxial stage 20 wing mesoderm will contribute very little to chondrogenesis during normal development (Bowen et al, 1989); however, if recombined with an ectodermal hull and provided with a fragment of polarizing region it is capable of forming a whole limb (MacCabe et al, 1973;Ros et al, 1994b). Also, proximal stage 25 core mesoderm, already beginning chondrogenic differentiation, showed much greater morphogenetic competence in recombinant limbs than the whole stage 25 limb bud mesoderm forming jointed cartilage rods in a limb-like pattern (Paulsen et al, 1986). These authors raised the possibility that either isolation of the stage 25 chondrogenic core from surrounding tissue or placing it close to the apical ridge permitted a full realization of their morphogenetic potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenetic potential of the chick leg interdigital mesoderm when diverted from the cell death program

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is evidence that the interdigital mesoderm may be in an undifferentiated state. For example, under experimental manipulation in vivo it may be diverted from cell death to digit formation. In the present work we wanted to analyze the maximum morphogenetic potential of the interdigital cells. To do this we made recombinant limbs of three types, the first using dissociated‐reaggregated leg interdigital mesoderm, the second using the same tissue but without dissociation and the third adding a piece of polarizing region to the dissociated interdigit. In all three the massive cell death of the interdigit failed to occur. The first type of recombinant formed a small nodule of cartilage while the other two formed a well‐developed digit. Our data indicate that the maximum morphogenetic potential of the interdigital tissue appears constrained to form digits and that dissociation of the tissue decreased this ability; polarizing region restores the ability of dissociated cell recombinants to form a digit. We also analyzed in these recombinants the expression of a battery of genes implicated in interdigital cell death or in digital morphogenesis. The pattern of expression of each gene analyzed was identical in the three types of recombinant limbs. The expression of Msx1 and Msx2 genes was maintained under the ridge indicating a good interaction between the interdigital cells, both dissociated and undissociated, and the apical ridge. The expression of Hoxd‐12, Hoxd‐13 and Hoxa‐13 genes was maintained in the recombinants, indicating that these cells carry information about their autopodial origin, and this correlates well with their distal restricted morphogenetic potential. Finally, the patterns of expression of the Bmp‐2, Bmp‐4 and Bmp‐7 genes indicated that they are independently regulated in the recombinants and that Bmp‐4 and Bmp‐7 have wider expression domains than the areas of cell death that were only detected under the regressing apical ridge during day 3 of the experiment. Dev. Dyn. 208:406–419, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Residual morphogenetic competence in the proximal core region of stage 25 chick limbs: Zwilling's hypothesis revisited

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Morphogenetic potential of the chick leg interdigital mesoderm when diverted from the cell death program

Morphogenetic potential of the chick leg interdigital mesoderm when diverted from the cell death program

The recombinant limb as a model for the study of limb patterning, and its application to muscle development

Morphogenetic potential of the chick leg interdigital mesoderm when diverted from the cell death program

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