Residual Effect of Malathion (Organophosphate) and Sevin (Carbamate) Application on Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Abstract

An experiment was conducted at Shambat Agricultural farm to study the effect of pesticides residues on soil and potatoplant. Potato was planted on January, 2009 on ridges with a spacing of 70 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants. Sevin and Malathion pesticides were added at different concentrations to evaluate their effect on the plant growth and soil. The measurement taken was plant height (cm), fresh and dry weight (gm), leaf area (cm2), pH, total nitrogen %, phosphorus (ppm), leaf number and size of tubers. The results revealed that both chemicals affected negatively the vegetative growth of potato and its yield. It was noticed that the yield was generally less due to the effect of the heavy clay soil of Shambat. Addition of Sevin increased the total soil nitrogen and reduced soil organic carbon while the reverse was noticed for Malathion. Both chemicals lowered soil pH, from alkaline to neutral or slightly alkaline. However, they increased soil salinity which in turn affected potato growth and yield.

Assessment of malathion toxicity on cytophysiological activity, DNA damage and antioxidant enzymes in root of Allium cepa model

“…This event may happen from the membrane damage causing leakage of water as a result of change in permeability of membrane 51 . The similar outcomes were obtained by Singh et al 52 in soybean; Gafar et al in cucumber following different chemical treatment 53 . Our results are consistent with those of Nasrabadi and Dhumal who reported malathion-induced reduction in water content, FW, DW of tomato and brinjal leaves 51 .…”

Efficiency of Certain Evaluated Pesticides and Phytochemicals on the Inspected Aphids (A. gossypii) on Growing Cucumber Plants in Greenhouse and Market

“…Similar results were obtained by Gafar et al (2010 and on some other vegetables using the same pesticides and doses. Also Abdel-Gawad (2001) reported that pesticides affected crop growth and reduced its yield and quality due to their phytotoxicity and also due to their effects on soil fertility and salinity as stated by Lang and Cai (2009).…”

Effects of chemical and biological pesticides on plant growth parameters and rhizospheric bacterial community structure in Vigna radiata

“…Chlorpyrifos enhanced but a high dose of cypermethrin reduced the shoot length. Shoot enhancement in the sugarbeet was also observed by Gafar et al [31] after malathion and sevin treatments; they proposed that the nitrogen from sevin was the factor responsible for the enhancement. Similarly, in our case, positive effects could be due to the nitrogen present in chlorpyrifos [32].…”