Residual eating disorder symptoms and clinical features in remitted and recovered eating disorder patients: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

Tomba, Elena; Tecuta, Lucia; Crocetti, Elisabetta; Squarcio, Fabio; Tomei, Giuliano

doi:10.1002/eat.23095

Cited by 39 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 144 publications

(373 reference statements)

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“…A general population cohort study in the USA revealed that those with a lifetime history of eating disorder (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, BED, and other eating disorder diagnoses combined) had a significantly lower quality of life (as measured with the EQ-5D-5L) than noneating disorder controls [ 33 ]. In a review of residual eating disorder symptoms and clinical features in patients who were in remission or had recovered, Tomba et al [ 34 ▪ ] reported that former eating disorder patients had a significantly lower quality of life and reduced capabilities in several areas of social functioning compared with noneating disorder controls, and that psychological well being did not improve up to the level of healthy controls. De Vos et al [ 35 ] reported that patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, BED or Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorders (OSFED) had significantly worse scores than the general population on overall, emotional and psychological well being; social well being was significantly lower only for patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.…”

Section: Global Burden Of Disease Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the burden of eating disorders: mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden

Hoeken

Hoek

2020

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

285

182

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Purpose of review To review the recent literature on the burden of eating disorders in terms of mortality, disability, quality of life, economic cost, and family burden, compared with people without an eating disorder. Recent findings Estimates are that yearly over 3.3 million healthy life years worldwide are lost because of eating disorders. In contrast to other mental disorders, in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa years lived with disability (YLDs) have increased. Despite treatment advances, mortality rates of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa remain very high: those who have received inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa still have a more than five times increased mortality risk. Mortality risks for bulimia nervosa, and for anorexia nervosa treated outside the hospital, are lower but still about twice those of controls. In people with an eating disorder, quality of life is reduced, yearly healthcare costs are 48% higher than in the general population, the presence of mental health comorbidity is associated with 48% lower yearly earnings, the number of offspring is reduced, and risks for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes are increased. Summary People with a current or former eating disorder are at risk of increased mortality, high YLD rates, a reduced quality of life, increased costs, and problems with childbearing.

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Section: Global Burden Of Disease Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the burden of eating disorders: mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden

Hoeken

Hoek

2020

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

285

182

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Depressive symptomatology may follow a persistent trajectory over the lifetime, independently from eating disorder symptoms [83,84]. Approximately 50% of patients with AN report a minimum of one episode of a mood disorder during their lifetime [85,86].…”

Section: Chronic Stress Response: Co-morbidity With Depression and Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Interpersonal Model for Anorexia Nervosa Revisited: The Perpetuating Factors that Contribute to the Development of the Severe and Enduring Illness

Treasure

Willmott

Ambwani

et al. 2020

JCM

122

113

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The cognitive interpersonal model was outlined initially in 2006 in a paper describing the valued and visible aspects of anorexia nervosa (Schmidt and Treasure, 2006). In 2013, we summarised many of the cognitive and emotional traits underpinning the model (Treasure and Schmidt, 2013). In this paper, we describe in more detail the perpetuating aspects of the model, which include the inter- and intrapersonal related consequences of isolation, depression, and chronic stress that accumulate in the severe and enduring stage of the illness. Since we developed the model, we have been using it to frame research and development at the Maudsley. We have developed and tested interventions for both patients and close others, refining the model through iterative cycles of model/intervention development in line with the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for complex interventions. For example, we have defined the consequences of living with the illness on close others (including medical professionals) and characterised the intense emotional reactions and behaviours that follow. For the individual with an eating disorder, these counter-reactions can allow the eating disorder to become entrenched. In addition, the consequent chronic stress from starvation and social pain set in motion processes such as depression, neuroprogression, and neuroadaptation. Thus, anorexia nervosa develops a life of its own that is resistant to treatment. In this paper, we describe the underpinnings of the model and how this can be targeted into treatment.

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“…Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric conditions that are often associated with a chronic course and a long recovery process (Wagner et al, 2006;Tomba et al, 2019). Recent longitudinal findings (Eddy et al, 2017) suggest poor long-term prognosis, with one-third to two-thirds of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) still struggling with an ED after 9 years of follow-up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the extant recovery literature (Wagner et al, 2006;Tomba et al, 2019), we hypothesized that relative to women with prior EDs, women with current EDs would have stronger, and healthy controls would have weaker, implicit associations of high-fat food and shame. ED symptoms and the explicit association of high-fat food and shame were also assessed in order to shed light on the relationships between implicit and explicit measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implicit Association of High-Fat Food and Shame Among Women Recovered From Eating Disorders

et al. 2020

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Background: Despite the growing literature about recovery from eating disorders (EDs), it is still unknown if women who report being recovered from EDs present with differing implicit attitudes about high-fat (vs. low-fat) food relative to women who report having a current ED and women who report never having had an ED. Methods: Female volunteers (N = 2,785) to the Project Implicit Mental Health (PIMH) website (https://implicit.harvard.edu/) were divided into three ED groups: current ED (n = 335), prior ED (n = 393), and healthy controls (n = 1,843). Participants completed, between 2016 and 2017, a background questionnaire, together with the Implicit Association Test (IAT), measuring implicit associations between high-fat (vs. low-fat) food and shame (vs. acceptableness). Linear regression models were conducted to examine cross-sectional differences between groups. Results: Women with prior EDs had stronger implicit associations relative to healthy controls (p = 0.041) and similar implicit associations relative to women with current EDs (p = 0.424). Discussion: The implicit association between high-fat food and shame may not diminish over time among women with EDs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify whether an experience of EDs may leave a "scar," manifested in specific implicit associations, that may potentially lead to recurrence after remission.

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Residual eating disorder symptoms and clinical features in remitted and recovered eating disorder patients: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

Cited by 39 publications

References 144 publications

Review of the burden of eating disorders: mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden

Review of the burden of eating disorders: mortality, disability, costs, quality of life, and family burden

Cognitive Interpersonal Model for Anorexia Nervosa Revisited: The Perpetuating Factors that Contribute to the Development of the Severe and Enduring Illness

The Implicit Association of High-Fat Food and Shame Among Women Recovered From Eating Disorders

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