Residual compressive strength of concrete after exposure to high temperatures: A review and probabilistic models

Shahraki, M. Gholipur; Hua, Nan; Khorasani, Negar Elhami; Tessari, Anthony; Garlock, María Eugenia Moreyra

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2022.103698

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The overestimation of k c values might have been due to the difference in the thermal exposure conditions and cooling methods. The notable differences in the Eurocode 2 prescribed values and the actual values for conventional concrete have also been recently highlighted by Shahraki et al 59 The authors have also proposed probabilistic models to better estimate the strength reduction factor. However, such a large amount of data under various exposure conditions are currently unavailable for SHCC materials to develop probabilistic models with greater accuracy and confidence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of cooling methods on high‐temperature residual mechanical characterization of strain‐hardening cementitious composites

Kumar,

Soliman,

Ranade

2023

Fire and Materials

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Residual strength tests are commonly used to characterize the high‐temperature mechanical properties of concrete materials. In these tests, the specimens are heated to a target temperature in a furnace and then cooled down to room temperature, followed by mechanical testing at room temperature. This research investigates the influence of the cooling method on the residual strength of Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites (SHCC) after exposure to 400°C and 600°C. Two types of cooling methods — furnace‐cooling (within a closed furnace) and water‐cooling (immersed in a water tank) — were adopted. Four different SHCC previously investigated by the authors for high‐temperature residual mechanical and bond behavior with steel were studied. Two different specimen sizes were tested under uniaxial compression and flexure to characterize the residual compressive strength and modulus of rupture. The effect of the cooling method was prominent for the normalized residual modulus of rupture at 400°C, but not at 600°C. The cooling method had no effect on the normalized residual compressive strength of any material at either of the two temperatures, except one of the SHCC (PVA‐SC) at 400°C. Specimen size also had no effect on the normalized residual compressive strength and modulus of rupture irrespective of the cooling method.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of cooling methods on high‐temperature residual mechanical characterization of strain‐hardening cementitious composites

Kumar,

Soliman,

Ranade

2023

Fire and Materials

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“…10 There are, however, large uncertainties when considering these reductions. Qureshi et al 11 suggested probabilistic models for the heating phase, while Shahraki et al 12 developed probabilistic models for the residual compressive strength. A common reference with respect to the strength reduction during the heating of concrete is the proposal included in EN 1992-1-2:2004, 13 while EN 1994-1-2:2005 14 specifies an additional 10% reduction of strength to take into account the subsequent cooling effects.…”

Section: Fire Damage To Concrete Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐of‐the‐art review on the post‐fire assessment of concrete structures

Jovanović

Caspeele

Lombaert

et al. 2023

Structural Concrete

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Fires are rare events, but in the case of their occurrence, they can have a significant effect on the structure. Concrete is a durable noncombustible material but can be damaged by fire. This damage does not often lead to structural collapse, but can significantly hinder the structure's future performance. A thorough post‐fire assessment of concrete structures is essential to determine the condition of the structure and select the best course of action to take. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge on the post‐fire assessment of concrete structures. The techniques that are commonly used are presented and discussed, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, based on the literature case studies, an overview of different approaches and techniques is presented. Finally, the framework and goals of the post‐fire assessment are investigated. The paper concludes with a summary of the current state of knowledge and a list of key research needs.

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“…Diagnostic techniques used to assess the condition of concrete in structures damaged by high temperatures can be divided into tests performed in situ and tests conducted in laboratory conditions on specimens taken from the structure. In the case of local assessment of concrete quality, in situ tests are most often performed using non-destructive and semi-destructive methods, which are commonly used to control the properties of concrete in structures [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods use physical phenomena related to the propagation of electromagnetic waves (GPR) or phenomena related to the propagation of surface waves—analysis of surface waves (multichannel analysis of surface waves). Both techniques were taken from geotechnics and allow obtaining isoline maps of material properties for the analyzed elements; however, their use in assessing fire damage is still pioneering and requires further research and analysis [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Destructive Processes and Assessment of Deformations in PP-Modified Concrete in an Air-Dry State and Exposed to Fire Temperatures Using the Acoustic Emission Method, Numerical Analysis and Digital Image Correlation

Adamczak-Bugno,

Lipiec,

Koteš

et al. 2024

Polymers

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This article presents the results of tests carried out to assess the condition of PP-modified concrete. The tests were carried out on samples previously stored at ambient temperature and exposed to temperatures corresponding to fire conditions—300 °C, 450 °C, and 600 °C. Axial compression tests of cube-shaped samples and three-point bending of beams were carried out. During strength tests, acoustic emission (AE) signals were recorded and the force and deformation were measured. Recorded AE events were clustered using the k-means algorithm. The analysis of the test results allowed for the identification of signals characteristic of the individual stages of the material destruction process. Differences in the methods of destruction of samples stored in ambient conditions and those exposed to fire temperatures were also indicated. While loading the samples, measurements were carried out using the digital image correlation (DIC) method, which enabled the determination of displacements. Based on the results of the laboratory tests, a numerical model was developed. The results obtained using different research methods (DIC and FEM) were compared. Tomographic examinations and observations of the microstructure of the tested materials were also carried out. The analyses carried out allowed for a reliable assessment of the possibility of using the acoustic emission method to detect destructive processes and assess the technical condition of PP-modified concrete. It was confirmed that the acoustic emission method, due to differences at low load levels, can be a useful technique for assessing the condition of PP-modified concrete after exposure to fire temperatures. So far, no research directions in a similar field have been identified.

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Residual compressive strength of concrete after exposure to high temperatures: A review and probabilistic models

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Influence of cooling methods on high‐temperature residual mechanical characterization of strain‐hardening cementitious composites

Influence of cooling methods on high‐temperature residual mechanical characterization of strain‐hardening cementitious composites

State‐of‐the‐art review on the post‐fire assessment of concrete structures

Detection of Destructive Processes and Assessment of Deformations in PP-Modified Concrete in an Air-Dry State and Exposed to Fire Temperatures Using the Acoustic Emission Method, Numerical Analysis and Digital Image Correlation

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