Residual bioactivity of insect growth regulators againstSitophilus oryzae (L.) in wheat grain

Ammar, I. M. A.

doi:10.1007/bf01906255

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…During storage, the toxicity of many insecticides declines with time, even after correction for loss due to breakdown (Desmarchelier, 1978;Desmarchelier et al, 1980). However, the current study demonstrated no loss of toxicity of chlorfluazuron residues on wheat with storage time, which is consistent with the results of two studies that used wheat treated with diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron or flufenoxuron (Ammar, 1988;Dhanasekaran et al, 1992). Some wheat treated with diflubenzuron has been found to have increased in toxicity over time (Mian & Mulla, 1982b.…”

Section: Effect Of Length Of Treatment Time Of Adults On Fecunditysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The benefit of the pre-exposure assay is seen clearly from the high concentration estimated to kill 99% of S. oryzae with no pre-exposure, caused by extrapolation from the few survivors from the highest concentration without pre-exposure. The failure to suppress all progeny in assays without preexposure was also recorded by Ammar (1988). Elek & Longstaff (1994) and Desmarchelier & Allen (1992) demonstrated a concentration-time relationship with CSIs over 14 days for several stored grain beetles; this 'delayed toxic effect' was removed by pre-exposure to diflubenzuron (Desmarchelier & Allen, 1992).…”

Section: Interaction Of Treatment Time and Chlorfluazuron Concentratimentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore, it appears that, although chlorfluazuron does not shorten the physiological development time of individual larvae, the effect on the population is that of shortening the overall development time in the short term, until the full effect of the CSI is transmitted from the parent to the progeny. The failure to suppress all progeny in assays without preexposure was also recorded by Ammar (1988). The EC values were significantly lower for assays with pre-exposure than the assays without pre-exposure because there were very few or no survivors at higher concentrations following preexposure (Table 1).…”

Section: Interaction Of Treatment Time and Chlorfluazuron Concentratimentioning

confidence: 88%

“…CSIs, such as diflubenzuron, are very effective at controlling populations of a variety of insect species, for example pests of stored grain (Carter, 1975;McGregor & Kramer, 1976). Some of the newer compounds such as triflumuron (Mian & Mulla, 1982a), teflubenzuron (Ammar, 1988) and chlorfluazuron (Ishaaya et al, 1984;Nawrot et al, 1986;Ammar, 1988;Elek & Longstaff, 1994) are even more effective than diflubenzuron at killing these pests, including those that feed inside the grain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of adult Coleoptera with a chitin synthesis inhibitor affects mortality and development time of their progeny

Elek

1998

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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A group of insect growth regulators, the chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs), are being more widely used as many insects have become resistant to broad-spectrum insecticides. This study investigated the mode of action of one CSI, particularly looking at the delayed effect of treating adult insects on the survival and development of their progeny. The study describes the responses of adult stored grain beetles Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Curculionidae) and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae) to wheat treated with chlorfluazuron. For both species, wheat treated with chlorfluazuron reduced progeny survival at a constant rate from 1 day to 8 weeks after it had been treated. There was a direct, negative concentration-time relationship between the treatment of the adults with chlorfluazurontreated wheat and the survival and developmental rate of their progeny. Adults that were pre-exposed for one or more weeks before oviposition to wheat treated with chlorfluazuron had significantly lower progeny survival than adults that were not pre-exposed. The EC 95 values were 16-fold higher for R. dominica and 40-fold higher for S. oryzae from assays without pre-exposure, than with pre-exposure. Pre-exposure of R. dominica with 0.1 mg kg −1 and of S. oryzae with 0.4 mg kg −1 of chlorfluazuron reduced progeny survival by 95%. Higher concentrations of chlorfluazuron produced a reduction in mean population developmental time of several days. These findings have important implications for bioassays of CSIs, since pre-exposure of the adults can significantly reduce the numbers of F1 progeny. Therefore standard bioassays may seriously underestimate the efficacy of the CSI being assayed.

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Section: Effect Of Length Of Treatment Time Of Adults On Fecunditysupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Interaction Of Treatment Time and Chlorfluazuron Concentratimentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Interaction Of Treatment Time and Chlorfluazuron Concentratimentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of adult Coleoptera with a chitin synthesis inhibitor affects mortality and development time of their progeny

Elek

1998

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…For instance, Letellier et al (32) reported that mortality of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky after contact with fenoxycarb-treated grain ranged from 4 to 45.5% following an increase of the fenoxycarb dose from 0.001 to 10 ppm. Ammar (2) reported mortality of parental S. oryzae adults of from 24 to 55% initially after then exposure in wheat treated with 0.5 to 25 ppm of flufenoxuron and falling to between 2 and 6% 3 months posttreatment. Similar trends were also noted for the IGRs chlorfluazuron and XRD-473.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Efficacy of Insect Growth Regulators as Grain Protectants against Two Stored-Product Pests in Wheat and Maize

Kavallieratos

Athanassiou

Vayias

et al. 2012

Journal of Food Protection

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Insect growth regulators (IGRs) (two juvenile hormone analogues [fenoxycarb and pyriproxifen], four chitin synthesis inhibitors [diflubenzuron, flufenoxuron, lufenuron, and triflumuron], one ecdysteroid agonist [methoxyfenozide], and one combination of chitin synthesis inhibitors and juvenile hormone analogues [lufenuron plus fenoxycarb]) were tested in the laboratory against adults of Prostephanus truncatus in maize and against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica in wheat. The tested IGRs were applied in maize at three doses (1, 5, and 10 ppm) and assessed at three temperature levels (20, 25, and 30°C) in the case of P. truncatus, while in the case of R. dominica the above doses were assessed only at 25°C in wheat. In addition to progeny production, mortality of the treated adults after 14 days of exposure in the IGR-treated commodities was assessed. All IGRs were very effective (>88.5% suppression of progeny) against the tested species at doses of $ 5 ppm, while diflubenzuron at 25°C in the case of P. truncatus or lufenuron and pyriproxyfen in the case of R. dominica completely suppressed (100%) progeny production when they were applied at 1 ppm. At all tested doses, the highest values of R. dominica parental mortality were observed in wheat treated with lufenuron plus fenoxycarb. Temperature at the levels examined in the present study did not appear to affect the overall performance in a great extent of the tested IGRs in terms of adult mortality or suppression of progeny production against P. truncatus in treated maize. The tested IGRs may be considered viable grain protectants and therefore as potential components in stored-product integrated pest management.

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Effect of chitin‐synthesis inhibitors on stored‐product beetles

Elek

Longstaff

1994

Pestic. Sci.

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The fecundity of four important coleopteran stored‐grain pests, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) was assessed after exposure to wheat treated with five benzoylphenyl ureas (BPUs), members of the chitin‐synthesis inhibitor group of insect growth regulators (IGRs). Chlorfluazuron was found to control all four species more effectively than triflumuron, teflubenzuron, flufenoxuron or diflubenzuron. Two weeks of exposure of parents to 0.5 mg kg −1 of all the BPUs, except diflubenzuron, inhibited almost all F1 production and all the F2 production of each species. The fecundities of T. castaneum and O. surinamensis recovered almost to their untreated levels after two weeks of exposure to 1 mg kg −1 of BPUs followed by two weeks on untreated wheat, but the effect of the exposure persisted for at least two weeks on untreated wheat in adult S. oryzae and to a lesser extent in R. dominica. The mean F1 response of the four species after two weeks of exposure to four doses showed clearly that the four newer BPUs were all similar in their overall effectiveness and significantly more effective than diflubenzuron, although diflubenzuron was equally effective against S. oryzae. At 0.1 mg kg −1 triflumuron was less effective against O. surinamensis, while teflubenzuron and flufenoxuron were not very effective against the rice weevil, S. oryzae. Chlorfluazuron provided the most effective control of all four stored‐product pest species, including the weevil, S. oryzae. The BPUs show particular potential for use in the stored‐product industry because low dosages will effectively control the rice weevil in addition to the other major pest species.

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Residual bioactivity of insect growth regulators againstSitophilus oryzae (L.) in wheat grain

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Treatment of adult Coleoptera with a chitin synthesis inhibitor affects mortality and development time of their progeny

Treatment of adult Coleoptera with a chitin synthesis inhibitor affects mortality and development time of their progeny

Efficacy of Insect Growth Regulators as Grain Protectants against Two Stored-Product Pests in Wheat and Maize

Effect of chitin‐synthesis inhibitors on stored‐product beetles

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