Resident Outcomes of Medicaid-Funded Community Residential Care

Hedrick, Susan C.; Sales, Anne; Sullivan, Jean H.; Gray, Shelly L.; Tornatore, Jane B.; Curtis, Michael; Zhou, Xiao Hua

doi:10.1093/geront/43.4.473

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The Others category includes both infrequently used categories mentioned in the original studies and undifferentiated Other categories from those studies. Hedrick et al, 2003;Kane, 2004;Kane et al, 2005;Kane & Wilson, 1993;Ostwald et al, 1993;Phillips et al, 2000;Pruchno & Rose, 2000;Salmon et al, 2004). The Others category includes both infrequently used categories mentioned in the original studies and undifferentiated Other categories from those studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many states have invested their own dollars in studying who uses AL in their states and the outcomes achieved, often in collaboration with local universities (Applebaum & Ritchey, 1992;Chapin, Dobbs-Kepper, & Oslund, 2001;Rudder, Smith, & Lieberman, 2001a, 2001bSalmon, Hyer, Hedgecock, Zayac, & Engh, 2004). Researchers have conducted a handful of longitudinal studies (Frytak, Kane, Finch, Kane, & Maude-Griffin, 2001;Hawes, Phillips, & Rose, 2000a;Hedrick et al, 2003;Zimmerman, Sloane, Eckert, Buie, et al, 2001), one national and several involving multistate samples. Demonstration projects were underway, most notably a regional demonstration of contract AL in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Hedrick & Guihan, 2005) and an ambitious pilot on two forms of Medicaid-covered AL (purpose-built and AL grafted on low-income housing) mandated by the legislature in the State of California.…”

Section: General Impressions Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assisted Living Literature Through May 2004: Taking Stock

Kane¹,

Chan²,

Kane³

2007

The Gerontologist

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Purpose: This article assesses the state of research on assisted living (AL) from 1989 to May 2004. Design and Methods: We undertook keyword searches for AL research and amplified these with searches of Web sites, conference proceedings, and follow-up inquiries. We annotated and coded the resultant items according to categories reflecting the research methods used and the topics studied. We did additional comparisons for 38 studies with quantitative data that permitted summarizing resident characteristics, settings, and entry and move-out patterns. Results: The 411 identified items ranged across a large number of topics. Qualitative studies outnumbered quantitative ones, and longitudinal studies were rare. We found little standardization in the way variables were measured, making cross-study comparisons difficult. As AL research has become more common, some items are directed at studying ways to proceed within AL as opposed to globally commenting on the worth of AL as a service sector. Implications: The research base for AL has grown rapidly but is still underdeveloped. We recommend using more consistent sets of standardized measures in AL studies and reporting analyses based on them. We also recommend fuller reporting of details on sampling, time frames, and measures in AL research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Impressions Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Assisted Living Literature Through May 2004: Taking Stock

Kane¹,

Chan²,

Kane³

2007

The Gerontologist

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“…Although they claim different philosophies of care, health outcome patterns for those living in the two environments were similar. The study, part of Washington State's initiative to increase the availability and quality of community residential care, found that, after controlling for differences at enrollment, residents in the three types of settings-adult family homes, adult residential care and assisted living-were similar in health outcomes at followup [5]. Zimmerman et al indicated that, basically, residents were more satisfied and preferred more home-like residential care institutions in the community, in addition to their lower cost [6].…”

Section: The Emphasis On Social Factors In Institutional Carementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dependent variables in the follow-up for resident outcomes were factors associated with their functional disabilities, cognition, broad self-rated health status (SF-36), resident's/family's satisfaction toward the institution and also the mortality and relocation rates at follow-up, as implicated in previous research [4,5,[7][8][9]. Participants' subjective health status was evaluated using the SF-36, Taiwan version, that measured eight health domains: Physical Functioning (PF, 10 items), Role Physical (RP, 4 items), Bodily Pain (BP, 2 items), General Health (GH, 5 items), Vitality (VT, 4 items), Social Functioning (SF, 2 items), Role Emotional (RE, 3 items), Mental Health (MH, 5 items), and one item of Reported Health Transition (10).…”

Section: Health Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal evaluation of residents’ health outcomes in nursing homes and residential care homes in Taiwan

Liu

Wen

2010

Qual Life Res

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“…Delineating Outcomes.-In considering which outcomes to measure, several researchers (Bowers, Fibich, & Jacobson, 2001;Edelman, Guihan, Bryant, & Munrow, 2006;Gwyther, 1997;Hedrick et al, 2003;Hirschman, Joyce, James, Xie, & Karlawish, 2005) have acknowledged that different outcomes are weighed and defined differently among the different stakeholders. Thus, we identify the following outcomes by how these different groups would define them.…”

Section: Regulatory and Third-party Payer Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dementia and Assisted Living

Hyde¹,

Pérez²,

Forester³

2007

The Gerontologist

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Purpose: This article presents an overview of what is known about dementia services in assisted living settings and suggests areas for future research. Design and Methods: We undertook a search of Medline, the Journals of Gerontology, and The Gerontologist. We then organized publications dealing with the target subject into 10 topic areas and reviewed them. Results: The article describes the demographic characteristics of cognitively impaired residents in assisted living and related residential settings in the United States, the services they receive, and process and structural elements both in specialized dementia units and in integrated assisted living settings. Finally, we review the literature on methodological issues regarding research in this area. Implications: It is important to generate research on processes as well as outcomes, such as dignity, individualized and pleasurable experiences, and freedom from pain and discomfort. We make recommendations for both content areas that would benefit from further research as well as methodological approaches that will yield important information in this field.Key Words: Long-term care, Alzheimer's disease, Cognitively impaired, Aging in place, Residential careThis article outlines what is known about dementia services in assisted living settings and explores the many questions that remain unanswered. Ultimately, research is needed that will offer specific information regarding how assisted living processes and structure result in specific outcomes in the various subpopulations of cognitively impaired residents. The variability of assisted living and its philosophy of customizing services to the wishes and needs of each individual resident provide a rich environment for research as researchers attempt to discover what works best for whom (Feldman & Kane, 2003). We also discuss the range of processes and outcomes that one should consider in evaluating the effectiveness of assisted living services and environments, including the central role of quality of life in the assisted living philosophy of dementia care.Assisted living, as an industry, is less than 20 years old. Early research sought to enumerate how many people with dementia lived in assisted living, how many were in special care units (SCUs) or in general assisted living settings, and what kinds of services they received. However, even these simple facts have been elusive as basic data such as the prevalence of dementia can be difficult to determine in these non-health-care settings. In fact, determining which settings meet the criteria to be considered assisted living can, in itself, be less than straightforward.Central to the assisted living philosophy is a respect for the individuals who live in this setting and their continued rights as citizens and human beings. However, this philosophy is challenged when the people served have cognitive impairments that compromise their ability to make or communicate decisions regarding their care and lifestyle choices.Not all regulators, providers, family members, co...

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Resident Outcomes of Medicaid-Funded Community Residential Care

Abstract: State policies should reflect the wide range of needs of residents seeking care in these settings. Choices among type of setting can be based on the match of needs to individual preferences.

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Assisted Living Literature Through May 2004: Taking Stock

Assisted Living Literature Through May 2004: Taking Stock

A longitudinal evaluation of residents’ health outcomes in nursing homes and residential care homes in Taiwan

Dementia and Assisted Living

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