Residence period of a flightless strain of the ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in open fields

Effects of artificial selection for reduced flight ability on survival rate and fecundity of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

“…In our study, the founder effect could be ignored as the initial population was derived from 80 adults collected in the field (Seko et al, 2008). Roush and Hopper (1995) suggested that 46 family lines are needed to preserve alleles that seem most likely to be important in field performance for diploid species.…”

“…These results suggest that artificial selection for reduced flight ability exerts deleterious inbreeding effects on the survival and reproductive characteristics of H. axyridis. The frequency of flightless adults was about 0.7 in the 20th generation, but was 1.0 in the 30th generation (Seko et al, 2008). Because genetic variation in fitness parameters persisted through 20 generations, exposure to deleterious recessive alleles might have been less in the 20th generation than the 36th generation.…”

“…Flight distance was measured in 7-day-old adults for 1 h as an indicator of flight ability using the flight mill system (Seko et al, 2008). Adults that recorded shorter flight distances (bottom 30% of 48 adults in each sex) were selected (Seko et al, 2008).…”

“…133°23ЈE) during late April 2003. Both the flightless and control strains had been maintained using only 30-40 adults in each generation (Seko et al, 2008).…”

“…Marples et al (1993) suggested that if ladybirds were poor flyers they would remain on a crop for longer and have potential in the long-term control of aphids. Flightless strains have been established from laboratory and field populations of the Coccinellids Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Ferran et al, 1998;Tourniaire et al, 2000;Seko et al, 2008), Adalia bipunctata (with a wingless morph) (L.) (Marples et al, 1993;Ueno et al, 2004;Lommen et al, 2005), and Rhyzobius litura (F.) (with a short-winged morph) (Hammond, 1985). Some of these strains are effective for augmentative biological control of aphids (Ferran et al, 1998;Weissenberger et al, 1999;Lommen et al, 2008;Seko et al, 2008).…”