Reshaping gender in airline employment

Seeking Gender Equality in the Tourism Sector: A Systematic Bibliometric Review

“…While the average of the previous decade was less than an annual publication (0.8 per year) (Table 1). In terms of journal productivity, as shown in Figure 2, the Journal of Sustainable Tourism clearly has the largest number of publications (12), followed by Annals of Tourism Research, Current Issues in Tourism and Sustainability, with 4 jobs each. Regarding the thematic category of the journals in which most of the articles were published, "Social Sciences" leads the ranking with 63 articles, followed by "Business, Management and Accounting" (54 articles).…”

“…In the table appear the publications of the most prolific authors in this field, the titles and the themes of those works. It follows that one of the sectors within the tourism sector that arouses most interest in terms of the gender gap is that of air transport, where cabin crew is still a predominantly female position [12]. There is also a continuing gender imbalance in the tourism sector, with more precarious female jobs, and fewer women in management and management positions.…”

“…When they manage to reach those positions, women have much higher pressure than men [10], They are relegated to lower-level positions, concentrated in certain job niches often associated with an extension of work household chores [11] such as cleaning of spaces, kitchen, housekeepers, cabin crew work, etc. Is significant of this concentration the fact that approximately 79% of flight attendants in US are women, while approximately 5% of airline pilots and 1.43% captains are women [12]. Women have fewer opportunities to promote due to gender stereotyping and discrimination and an exclusion of women from informal networks that contribute to gender segregation [8].…”

“…Men are crucial agents of change [10], that is why it is necessary the normalization of both men and women in varied industry roles [12] to help overcome the gender stereotypes that still exist in society. In the family sphere, among friends, in the workplace or in business [10], even in education [22] there is still strengthened gender stereotype [10].…”

“…In the case of the tourism and hospitality sector roles of female workers are associated with an extension of work household chores, and male workers preferred by many tourists as tour guides [2]. These stereotypes evoke not only the roles assigned to female and male workers, but also evoke women' appearance as 'pretty', 'slim' or 'young' [12].…”