Reservoir rock properties

Satter, Abdus; Iqbal, Ghulam M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800219-3.00003-6

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…16) (Rust & Romanelli, 1975; Powell, 1990; Russell & Arnott, 2003). High porosity contrasts can lead to generation of ‘thief zones’ which are important when a two‐phase flow (gas–liquid/water–oil) is considered, since they may lead to early water breakthrough in wells and isolation of gas pockets, effectively making production impossible (Li et al ., 2016; Satter & Iqbal, 2016). Glaciotectonic modification due to ice‐margin oscillations may effectively decrease sorting of the ice‐contact slope and therefore reduce porosity/permeability creating a zone of decreased reservoir potential (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cool deltas: Sedimentological, geomorphological and geophysical characterization of ice‐contact deltas and implications for their reservoir properties (Salpausselkä, Finland)

et al. 2021

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Sediments deposited by glacial meltwaters (for example, ice-contact delta deposits) form permeable packages in the subsurface that can act as reservoirs for both water and hydrocarbons. They are also an important source of aggregate for the construction industry. As reservoirs they are challenging to characterize in terms of their structure, flow and storage properties due to their complex depositional history. In this study, ice-contact deltas of Salpausselkä I and II end moraines in Southern Finland are studied using a combination of geomorphological mapping, sedimentological studies and near surface geophysical methods. Sedimentary logs from isolated outcrops were correlated to ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles to unravel the internal structure and depositional history of these ice-contact deltas. Subsequently, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and gravity data were analysed to estimate the depth to bedrock and to model porosity distribution within the sediments. Results of the study suggest that the delta deposits have a broad range of porosities (10 to 42%) with lowest values found in the bottomset beds. The most variable porosities are in the subaqueous ice-contact-fan zone, and consistently high porosities occur in delta foreset/topset facies. Detailed sedimentary logging linked to the GPR data shows heterogeneities such as mud drapes on foresets and kettle holes which are below the resolution of ERT and gravity methods but significantly affect reservoir properties of the deltas. Moreover, oscillation of the ice-margin may have introduced larger heterogeneities (for example, buried ice marginal ridges, or eskers) into the sedimentary sequence which are atypical for other Gilbert-type deltas. Finally, subglacially sculpted, highly variable bedrock topography exerts a major control on sediment distribution within the delta making reservoir volume and quality less predictable. This work has implications for present-day freshwater aquifers and low enthalpy geothermal energy in southern Finland and other deglaciated regions, as well as hydrocarbon exploration of analogous deposits in the subsurface from Pleistocene and pre-Pleistocene glaciogenic sequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cool deltas: Sedimentological, geomorphological and geophysical characterization of ice‐contact deltas and implications for their reservoir properties (Salpausselkä, Finland)

et al. 2021

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“…This pressure increases with depth and is also called the vertical stress (Chopra and Huffman 2006). Reservoir pressure controls the gas capacity and the overall reservoir behavior, and it consists of two main components: lithostatic pressure and hydrostatic pressure (Satter and Iqbal 2016). The lithostatic pressure is a consequence of overburden stress, while hydrostatic pressure is the component of the reservoir pressure resulting from the effect of pore fluid.…”

Section: Basic Theory and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock physics and geomechanical application in the interpretation of rock property trends for overpressure detection

Eyinla

Oladunjoye

Olayinka

et al. 2020

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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One of the complexities of geomechanical study is in the classification of rock’s properties and overpressured intervals—a knowledge which is not only essential for well safety and cost-effective drilling, but crucial in evaluating exploration risk factors and ensuring a successful hydraulic fracturing program. In this study, a more robust prediction of reservoir pressure regime is presented, where the geomechanical distributions of the rock give a distinct correlation. Three wells from the Niger Delta Basin were studied using empirical equations to estimate the elastic properties, wave velocities and the rock physics parameters for each well. From the results obtained, the velocities of compressional wave (Vp) and shear wave (Vs) decrease as porosity increases. Also, a linear correlation exists between Poisson’s ratio and Vp/Vs, where both variables showed distinct behavior and similar trend serving as useful tools for lithology identification. Another significant observation is the acoustic impedance of the materials which decreases with increasing porosity. Meanwhile, the depth plot of the impedance showed divergence and scattering away from the supposed linear trend. While inhomogeneity of the rock materials and disequilibrium compaction of sediments may account for this scattering, the variation of geomechanical distributions in this study revealed that pore pressure has a first order effect on the elastic strength of formations, also, under normal pore pressure conditions, acoustic impedance increases linearly with depth.

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“…This results in a Reynolds number (Re) of 1-10 and a capillary number (Ca) of ∼10 −4 -10 −3 . The Ca-values are within the range that is relevant for typical reservoirs (Satter and Iqbal, 2016) and battery systems (Grunewald et al, 2021). At the outlet, the zero gradient boundary condition is applied for both flow and transport (Table 3).…”

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Pore-Scale Two-Phase Flow on Mineral Reaction Rates

Deng

Molins

2022

Front. Water

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In various natural and engineered systems, mineral–fluid interactions take place in the presence of multiple fluid phases. While there is evidence that the interplay between multiphase flow processes and reactions controls the evolution of these systems, investigation of the dynamics that shape this interplay at the pore scale has received little attention. Specifically, continuum scale models rarely consider the effect of multiphase flow parameters on mineral reaction rates or apply simple corrections as a function of the reactive surface area or saturation of the aqueous phase, without developing a mechanistic understanding of the pore-scale dynamics. In this study, we developed a framework that couples the two-phase flow simulator of OpenFOAM (open field operation and manipulation) with the geochemical reaction capability of CrunchTope to examine pore-scale dynamics of two phase flow and their impacts on mineral reaction rates. For our investigations, flat 2D channels and single sine wave channels were used to represent smooth and rough geometries. Calcite dissolution in these channels was quantified with single phase flow and two phase flow at a range of velocities. We observed that the bulk calcite dissolution rates were not only affected by the loss of reactive surface area as it becomes occupied by the non-reactive non-aqueous phase, but also largely influenced by the changes in local velocity profiles, e.g., recirculation zones, due to the presence of the non-aqueous phase. The extent of the changes in reaction rates in the two-phase systems compared to the corresponding single phase system is dependent on the flow rate (i.e., capillary number) and channel geometry, and follows a non-monotonic relationship with respect to aqueous saturation. The pore-scale simulation results highlight the importance of interfacial dynamics in controlling mineral reactions and can be used to better constrain reaction rate descriptions in multiphase continuum scale models. These results also emphasize the need for experimental studies that underpin the development of mechanistic models for multiphase flow in reactive systems.

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Reservoir rock properties

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Cool deltas: Sedimentological, geomorphological and geophysical characterization of ice‐contact deltas and implications for their reservoir properties (Salpausselkä, Finland)

Cool deltas: Sedimentological, geomorphological and geophysical characterization of ice‐contact deltas and implications for their reservoir properties (Salpausselkä, Finland)

Rock physics and geomechanical application in the interpretation of rock property trends for overpressure detection

The Effect of Pore-Scale Two-Phase Flow on Mineral Reaction Rates

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