“…8,11,17 achieved. To provide a more expansive exposure of the brainstem and potentially improve the ability to completely resect larger CMs, petrosal approaches were applied to brainstem CMs, as initially described in 1992 by Spetzler et al 49 These applications continue in the most modern series of brainstem CMs 13,21,27 and have also been extended to a broad range of cerebrovascular lesions, including large basilar trunk aneurysms, 4,9,46 arteriovenous malformations, 28,49 and dural arteriovenous fistulas. 10,26,35 Although some are skeptical of petrosal approaches to brainstem CMs, 5 the ventral exposure that these routes provide cannot be paralleled by the retrosigmoid approach or its combination with a subtemporal approach.…”