As the business environment continues to be influenced by stakeholder forces, including sustainability reporting and sustainable operations, a question that continues to be asked is if such a mindset delivers financial returns. While there is increased interest and attention on the areas of sustainability reporting and financial returns, quantitatively addressing this question is a complicated task. Leveraging the proliferation of ETFs, this analysis compares the performance of the S&P 500 ESG Factor Weighted Index versus the S&P 500 during the period 2014-2016. As business decisions are driven in large part by the financial performance of the organizations, this research is applicable to both practitioner and academic members of the accounting community. Additionally, the second aspect of this research attempts to establish a connection between sustainability, integrated reporting, and begin the analysis whether or not there appears to be a connection between performance and integrated reporting.Keywords: integrated reporting, sustainability, management accounting, finance, accounting
PurposeThe purpose of this research focuses on two distinct areas focusing on the intersection of accounting, sustainability, and the reporting process. In a business environment increasingly digitized, influenced and guided by financial and non-financial stakeholders, and focused on developing new business models, there is evidence that traditional reporting models are insufficient. Developing new reporting models, templates, and disclosure frameworks appears to represent an evolution in how management professionals, and organizations, are