Researches on Fungi, Vol. VII

Isolation and optimisation of the oleaginous yeast Sporobolomyces roseus for biosynthesis of 13C isotopically labelled 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids and trans 18:1 and 18:2 derivatives through synthesis

“…While generally considered to inhabit terrestrial niches, S. roseus, as shown here, is capable of abundant growth in submerged saline media and, thus, is potentially also a component of salt marsh ecosystems. Previous interest has focussed on ballistospore discharge [9], carotenoid production [12], facultative methanotrophy [27], phenol metabolism at low temperature [7] and production of yeast-speciWc toxins [18]. Earlier studies have reported lipid production by S. roseus [11], but with only moderate total fatty acid yields (4.2 § 2.3% of dry weight), signiWcantly lower than the maximal 40% reported here.…”

“…It was noted that F38-3 was isolated from a slick of particulate material, Xoating on the surface of a narrow saltwater channel, which formed an image of the overhanging vegetation and presumably a spore print. Indeed, S. roseus is known as the "mirror yeast" [9]. Microscopically, the cells were non-motile, oval to elongated oval in shape, 3.5-4.0 m in width and 6.0-9.0 m long.…”

Irregular growth forms and cell wall modifications, polygalacturonase detection, and endocell formation in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici infecting tomato plants, as studied ultrastructurally and cytochemically

“…The presence of endocells was briefly referred to in previously published illustrations and some of the presently described features can also be detected in some of those illustrations (those in brackets in CHAMBERLAND et al 1985) but which were then obviously overlooked. If the endocell walls had formed in continuity with the septum walls, proliferating from a living into a dead cell as firstly described for intrahyphal hyphae formation (BULLER 1933), one would expect all these wall layers to label similarly for chitin. Where endocells occurred in cells showing cytoplasm remnants, these cells were often circumscribed by very thin or defective walls, including septal-like divisions (see Fig.…”

Nuclear and Genome Dynamics in Multinucleate Ascomycete Fungi

“…Although the high growth rates of some of these species may put them at the extremes of nuclear dynamism in terms of multinuclearity and nuclear migration rates within and across hyphal compartments, they are useful models for all fungi because multinucleate hyphal compartments are ubiquitous in ascomycete fungi and common in other phyla (Table 1). For example, basidiomycete fungi have a sexual phase, during which dikaryotic mycelia are formed by fusion of two homokaryotic mycelia, followed by the rapid proliferation and dispersal of nuclei through each hyphal network [17]. Moreover, in more than 30% of basidiomycete species, the ratios of the nuclear populations are not fixed and may be persistently imbalanced by nuclear selection [18].…”