Research Trends in Quantum Computers by Focusing on Qubits as Their Building Blocks

Abstract

Quantum computing is a rapidly developing field that has the potential to revolutionize the way we process data. In this article, we will introduce quantum computers, their hardware and the challenges associated with their development. One of the key concepts in quantum computing is the qubit, which is the basic unit of quantum information. We will discuss this concept in greater detail, exploring how qubits work and the unique properties that make them so powerful. There are currently three leading models of quantum computers: superconducting, ion trap, and neutral-atom qubits. We will compare these models, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations, and discuss the current state of research in each area. In addition to exploring the hardware of quantum computers, we will also introduce some of the innovative research projects related to qubits. Finally, we will examine the market around the quantum computing industry, outlining some of the fundamental challenges we may face.

The Quantum Amplitude Estimation Algorithms on Near-Term Devices: A Practical Guide

“…The QAE algorithm carries a quadratic speed-up with respect to classic Monte Carlo techniques. However, such an advantage is constrained by the existence of fault-tolerant quantum hardware [22][23][24][25][26][27][28], which does not exist today. In currently available Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices [29], the QAE algorithm has not yet shown an advantage in practical cases [30] due to the insufficient coherence times of the physical qubits [31] and because of the error carried by the gates.…”