Research Progress on the Improvement of Flame Retardancy, Hydrophobicity, and Antibacterial Properties of Wood Surfaces

Jian, Hao; Liang, Yuqing; Deng, Chao; Xu, Junxian; Liu, Yang; Shi, Junyou; Wen, Mingyu; Park, Hee-Jun

doi:10.3390/polym15040951

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Standard deviations of respective descriptive equations are rather low, and determination coefficients are close to 1. It is known [42] that the walls of the wood cells are composed of cellulose, etc., and that they have hydroxyl groups on their branch chains that tend to combine with water, thus creating hydrogen bonds that result in hydrophilicity. Therefore, the water resistance was also evaluated by the wettability test, expressed by contact angle measurements (Figure 6).…”

Section: Moisture Properties Of Control Ws and Modified Ws Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation from Wood Scobs Coated with Liquid Glass, Tung Oil, and Expandable Graphite Mixture

et al. 2023

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The current study presents the results of monitoring the behavior of loose-fill thermal insulating material for buildings made of wood scobs (WS), which were coated with one, two, and three component-based coatings from liquid glass (LG), tung oil (TO), and expandable graphite (EG). The thermal conductivity of samples in the dry state and under normal laboratory conditions, short-term water absorption by partial immersion, surface wettability, and water vapor permeability were evaluated, and regression equations describing the variations in numerical values of specified properties under different amounts of each coating component were presented. It was shown that LG and TO act as hydrophobic layers that, in conjunction, reduce water absorption by a maximum of 274%, have a contact angle equal to 86°, and lower thermal conductivity by 55% in the dry state due to the specifics of the layer formed on the surface of WS. The addition of EG to LG coating resulted in insignificantly changed water absorption and thermal conductivity values, indicating the potential of this material to be used to improve the fire resistance of wood-based composites in the future. The results showed that the three-component layer of LG/TO/EG reduces water absorption by a maximum of 72%, increases thermal conductivity in the dry state by a minimum of 0.4%, and increases the contact angle to 81° at 100 wt.% LG. The changes in water vapor permeability of all compositions were determined to be insignificant.

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Section: Moisture Properties Of Control Ws and Modified Ws Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation from Wood Scobs Coated with Liquid Glass, Tung Oil, and Expandable Graphite Mixture

et al. 2023

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“…Current wood flame-retardant treatment techniques include impregnation, surface modification, sol-gel, high-temperature heat treatment, etc. [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Meanwhile, various flame retardants can be employed for wood treatment, since halogen retardants pose risks to both human health and the environment upon combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Organic-Inorganic Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Based Flame Retardants and Their Application to Plywood

Deng

Zhu

et al. 2023

Polymers

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The combustibility of wood can be improved by physical and chemical means, thus expanding the use of wood products. In this study, two novel phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants (UCPR and MCPR) were developed, and the intercalated modified layered double hydroxides (LDH) thereof were designated as UCPR-LDH and MCPR-LDH. By impregnating poplar veneer with UCPR-LDH and MCPR-LDH solutions, the study investigated the effects of different concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%), processes (vacuum-pressure impregnation, room temperature impregnation, normal-pressure impregnation), and impregnation times (2 h, 3 h, 24 h, 48 h) on the weight-gain rate of veneer. The optimal process was then selected for preparing formaldehyde-free three-layer plywood. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were used to characterize the UCPR and MCPR. Meanwhile, gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) demonstrated that the molecular weight of the synthesized flame retardants increased as their molecular distribution became more uniform. The impregnation process was performed at normal temperature and pressure for 48 h at a 5% flame retardant concentration. Results from cone calorimetry indicate that the UCPR-LDH plywood exhibits a peak heat release rate that is 30.43% lower than that of the control group, demonstrating superior thermal barrier performance. The smoke emission of the MCPR-LDH plywood was reduced by 33.62% compared to the control group, indicating superior smoke suppression performance. This method presents a viable approach for synthesizing organic-inorganic flame retardants.

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“…Wood is inherently vulnerable to fire hazards, making fire safety a critical consideration in the design and use of wooden structures (Jian et al 2023;Pabeliña et al 2012). Therefore, flame retardant treatment is required to suppress, significantly reduce, or retard the combustion of wood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum Pressure Impregnation Performance of Flame Retardant for Larch (Larix kaempferi) Depending on Grooving Type

Jang¹,

Kang²,

Jo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Due to wood’s susceptibility to fire, it is crucial to treat wood-based materials with flame retardants, especially in construction applications. This study investigated the effectiveness of various grooving types, including transverse, longitudinal, both transverse and longitudinal, and surface grooving, in enhancing larch's vacuum pressure impregnation process. The results revealed that transverse grooving provided a slightly greater impregnation advantage than longitudinal grooving. Moreover, exceptional impregnation performance was observed in larch samples subjected to both longitudinal and transverse grooving and surface grooving, exhibiting a remarkable improvement of 214,7 % compared to untreated larch.

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Research Progress on the Improvement of Flame Retardancy, Hydrophobicity, and Antibacterial Properties of Wood Surfaces

Cited by 10 publications

References 104 publications

Performance Analysis of Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation from Wood Scobs Coated with Liquid Glass, Tung Oil, and Expandable Graphite Mixture

Performance Analysis of Loose-Fill Thermal Insulation from Wood Scobs Coated with Liquid Glass, Tung Oil, and Expandable Graphite Mixture

Preparation of Organic-Inorganic Phosphorus-Nitrogen-Based Flame Retardants and Their Application to Plywood

Vacuum Pressure Impregnation Performance of Flame Retardant for Larch (Larix kaempferi) Depending on Grooving Type

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