Research progress on pharmacological effects and new dosage forms of baicalin

Abstract

Background: As a kind of flavonoid, baicalin (C 21 H 18 O 11 ) is extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, the extract of which can be added to animal feed in China. Objectives:The present review will describe the current understanding of the pharmacological effects of baicalin in the regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress anti-virus and anti-tumour responses. Methods:We highlight emerging literature that the application in livestock health and performance, the biological activities, the molecular mechanisms and the dosage forms of baicalin by analysing and summarising the main points of the cited literatures.Results: It is found that baicalin can improve the functions of multiple physiological systems. Baicalin has a strong anti-inflammatory effect by regulating TLR4-NFκB-MAPK signalling pathway; it also can reduce oxidative stress by regulating Nrf2-Keap1 pathway; it can inhabit many kinds of virus such as influenza virus, respiratory virus, hepacivirus and others; it can also inhibit the growth of tumour cells by blocking the cell cycle or inducing apoptosis; and new dosage forms such as cationic solid lipid nanoparticles, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes or nanocrystalline can be applied to improve the deficiency of baicalin. Conclusions:In summary, these studies have elucidated a comprehensive report on the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-virus and anti-tumour of baicalin, these findings thus indicated that baicalin can be used effectively to the field of animal production in future when the appropriate dosage form is determined. K E Y W O R D S anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumour, anti-viral, baicalin Baicalin (C 21 H 18 O 11 ) is a flavonoid extracted from the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. The species can be planted and produced in most provinces of northern China with relatively sufficient resources. Baicalin is the main active component of ScutellariaThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Preparing a novel baicalin-loaded microemulsion-based gel for transdermal delivery and testing its anti-gout effect

“…Baicalin, a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, exhibits diverse bioactivities including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anticonvulsant, anticancer and anti-ultraviolet effects ( Bao et al, 2022 , Wen et al, 2023 ). Our prior investigations have shown that baicalin exhibited in vitro and in vivo efficacy against gouty arthritis ( Wen et al, 2017 , 2018), and also mitigates hyperuricemic nephropathy via inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway ( Liu et al, 2023a , Liu et al, 2023b , Xiang et al, 2021 ).…”

Discovery of metal complexes with antibacterial properties in aqueous extracts of Radix scutellariae and a study of the antibacterial properties of the baicalin–manganese complex

“…26 The main active component of Huangqin is baicalin, which has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and anticancer properties. 27,28 Baicalin contains a large conjugated system (Fig. 1) and is easily chelated with metal ions due to its o-diphenol hydroxyl and carboxyl groups as well as carbonyl.…”

Protective Effect of Baicalin on Chlorpyrifos-Induced Liver Injury and Its Mechanism

“…Baicalin (BA) (Figure 1B) is a flavonoid with significant biological activities, which is the main component of the dried root of the traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi [9]. Studies have found that baicalin is a multi-target, multi-channel drug with antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and other pharmacological effects, among which baicalin's hepatoprotective effects are the most significant [10][11][12].…”

“…BA can significantly downregulate the expression of HNF 1 α and HNF 4 α in time and dose, thereby exerting anti-HBV effects [13].For duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1)-infected duck liver cells, BA mainly restores the mitochondrial structural integrity of duck liver cells to maintain their function, while lowering the production of ROS, thereby effectively improving the harm caused by oxidative stress to liver cells [14]. SREBP 1c is an important regulator of liver fat formation induced by alcohol and a highfat diet, and the vital way BA improves fatty liver is by reducing the formation of liver fat by inhibiting the activity of SREBP 1c and enhancing the liver's ability to decompose fat Baicalin (BA) (Figure 1B) is a flavonoid with significant biological activities, which is the main component of the dried root of the traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi [9]. Studies have found that baicalin is a multi-target, multi-channel drug with antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and other pharmacological effects, among which baicalin's hepatoprotective effects are the most significant [10][11][12].…”