Research Progress on Laser Cladding Alloying and Composite Processing of Steel Materials

Abstract

Laser cladding technology is a reliable and efficient surface modification technology, which has been widely used in surface alloying and composite processing of steel materials. Firstly, the characteristics of laser cladding technology were introduced, and the effects of process control and the material system on the geometric shape, size, microstructure, and properties of cladding coating were analyzed by summarizing the research results of laser cladding on steel surfaces. The results show that with the increase of laser power, the dilution rate and width of the cladding coating increase, and the grain becomes coarse. Thus, the wear resistance deteriorates. Compared with alloy cladding coating, composite cladding coating exhibits better wear and corrosion resistance, but the plastic toughness is worse than alloy cladding coating. The research progress of surface alloying and composite processing of steel worldwide was analyzed from various aspects. Current results suggest that laser cladding alloying and compounding can enhance the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of steel materials. Based on the summary of the current research results, the development prospect and planning of laser cladding technology in the field of surface alloying and composite processing of steel are further pointed out.

Surface Modification of 42CrMo Steels: A Review from Wear and Corrosion Resistance

“…When the laser power is too low, the cladding material may not fully melt, resulting in poor wettability between the molten cladding materials and the substrate, leading to inadequate formation of the cladding coating. Additionally, insufficient laser energy is absorbed by the substrate surface, hindering the formation of a robust metallurgical bond between the substrate and the cladding coating [26]. The scanning speed plays a significant role in determining the height of the cladding layer [27].…”

Fabrication of Smart Materials Using Laser Processing: Analysis and Prospects

“…This laser boriding method significantly improves wear resistance in martensitic aging steels, enhancing it by up to 7.5 fold. Laser alloying involves melting a thin near-surface layer of the material and introducing alloying elements or compounds, imparting unique properties such as enhanced corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity [64][65][66]. Laser boriding of martensitic aging steels has proven to be highly effective in increasing wear resistance.…”

Effect of Cu on microstructure and properties of Co2CrFeNiMnCux high-entropy alloy coatings prepared by laser cladding

“…27 Compared to other coating preparation methods, laser cladding has the advantages of rapid cooling rate, low dilution rate, small heat-affected zone, controllable thickness and suitability for various metal powders and wires. 28,29 This technique has been applied in numerous materials to enhance the surface properties of materials such as aluminium alloys, 30 titanium alloys, 31 iron-based alloys 32 and nickel-based alloys. 33 As a result, laser cladding offers significant technological advantages in the preparation of HEACs and holds promising prospects for future applications.…”