Research progress on human infection with avian influenza H7N9

Wu, Xiaoxin; Xiao, Lanlan; Li, Lanjuan

doi:10.1007/s11684-020-0739-z

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Infection with A/H7N9 has been reported in 1,567 human cases with a fatality rate of 39% as of September 5, 2018 ( World Health Organization [WHO], 2018b ). To date, sporadic familial clusters of A/H7N9 have been reported but there is still no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of the virus ( Wu et al, 2020 ). Sporadic cases of human infections with avian influenza viruses also occurred with A/H5N6, A/H6N1, A/H7N2, A/H7N3, A/H7N4, A/H7N7, A/H9N2, A/H10N7 and A/H10N8 strains ( Widdowson et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics Throughout History

2021

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The emergence and spread of infectious diseases with pandemic potential occurred regularly throughout history. Major pandemics and epidemics such as plague, cholera, flu, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have already afflicted humanity. The world is now facing the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many infectious diseases leading to pandemics are caused by zoonotic pathogens that were transmitted to humans due to increased contacts with animals through breeding, hunting and global trade activities. The understanding of the mechanisms of transmission of pathogens to humans allowed the establishment of methods to prevent and control infections. During centuries, implementation of public health measures such as isolation, quarantine and border control helped to contain the spread of infectious diseases and maintain the structure of the society. In the absence of pharmaceutical interventions, these containment methods have still been used nowadays to control COVID-19 pandemic. Global surveillance programs of water-borne pathogens, vector-borne diseases and zoonotic spillovers at the animal-human interface are of prime importance to rapidly detect the emergence of infectious threats. Novel technologies for rapid diagnostic testing, contact tracing, drug repurposing, biomarkers of disease severity as well as new platforms for the development and production of vaccines are needed for an effective response in case of pandemics.

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Section: Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics Throughout History

2021

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“…Remarkably, transfection with NAs from a H7N9 isolated from a human patient (A/Anhui/1/2013) and from a H5N6 isolated from a chicken (A/chicken/Jiangxi/02.05 YGYXG023-P/2015) caused a drop in DAF MW. These two NAs are thus able cleaveα2,6-linked sialic acid residues, indicating they are already adapted to human sialic acid linkages and indeed both H7N9 (61, 62) and H5N6 (63, 64) strains have been shown to cause severe zoonotic disease. These results suggest that analysis of sialic acid cleavage might be worth exploring as a measure for host adaptation and zoonotic events.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9-J). As H7N9 and H5N6 outbreaks provoked severe infections in humans, associated with exacerbated immune response (61–63), hypothetically establishing DAF cleavage as a hallmark of virulence could be a useful tool to monitor viruses with pandemic potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complement Decay-Accelerating Factor is a modulator of influenza A virus lung immunopathology

Santos

Silva

Gomes

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Clearance of viral infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV), must be fine-tuned to eliminate the pathogen without causing immunopathology. As such, an aggressive initial innate immune response favors the host in contrast to a detrimental prolonged inflammation. The complement pathway bridges innate and adaptive immune system and contributes to the response by directly clearing pathogens or infected cells, as well as recruiting proinflammatory immune cells and regulating inflammation. However, the impact of modulating complement activation in viral infections is still unclear. In this work, we targeted the complement decay-accelerating factor (DAF/CD55), a surface protein that protects cells from non-specific complement attack, and analyzed its role in IAV infections. We found that DAF modulates IAV infection in vivo, via an interplay with the antigenic viral proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), in a strain specific manner. Our results reveal that, contrary to what could be expected, DAF potentiates complement activation, increasing the recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes and T cells. We also show that viral NA acts on the heavily sialylated DAF and propose that it exacerbates complement activation, leading to lung immunopathology. Remarkably, this mechanism has no impact on viral loads but rather on the host resilience to infection and may have direct implications in zoonotic influenza transmissions.

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“…H7N9 and H5N1 viruses were limited in transmission due to the similar reason mentioned above with MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. However, the mortality of H7N9 is as high as 37%, and H5N1 is 53% [39,40]. Nevertheless, the high pathogenicity and high mortality make them easier to be identified and controlled at the beginning of the break.…”

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative review of respiratory diseases caused by coronaviruses and influenza A viruses during epidemic season

Jiang

Yao

Zhao

et al. 2020

Microbes and Infection

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to sweep the world, causing infection of millions and death of hundreds of thousands. The respiratory disease that it caused, COVID-19 (stands for coronavirus disease in 2019), has similar clinical symptoms with other two CoV diseases, severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome (SARS and MERS), of which causative viruses are SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, respectively. These three CoVs resulting diseases also share many clinical symptoms with other respiratory diseases caused by influenza A viruses (IAVs). Since both CoVs and IAVs are general pathogens responsible for seasonal cold, in the next few months, during the changing of seasons, clinicians and public heath may have to distinguish COVID-19 pneumonia from other kinds of viral pneumonia. This is a discussion and comparison of the virus structures, transmission characteristics, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, pathological changes, treatment and prevention of the two kinds of viruses, CoVs and IAVs. It hopes to provide information for practitioners in the medical field during the epidemic season.

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Research progress on human infection with avian influenza H7N9

Cited by 35 publications

References 72 publications

Pandemics Throughout History

Pandemics Throughout History

Complement Decay-Accelerating Factor is a modulator of influenza A virus lung immunopathology

Comparative review of respiratory diseases caused by coronaviruses and influenza A viruses during epidemic season

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