Research progress on classical traditional chinese medicine formula xiaoyaosan in the treatment of depression

Chen, Jianbei; Lei, Chaofang; Li, Xiaojuan; Wu, Qian; Liu, Chenyue; Ma, Qingyu; Chen, Jiaxu

doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.925514

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Manipulation of gut microbes is considered a potential treatment for depression [ 32 ]. As a botanical formulation widely used in Asia and Europe, XYS contains a variety of active substances and is considered to have prebiotic-like properties [ 20 ]. In the current study, XYS, a potential antidepressant drug, was used to explore the role of gut microbiota in the treatment of depression and the specific mechanisms underlying the interaction between gut microbes and the CNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F.A. Wolf), Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Mentha canadensis L., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe in a 5:5:5:5:5:4:1:5 ratio [ 19 , 20 ]. XYS has a long history as a traditional treatment for emotional disorders in Asian countries, including China, Japan, and South Korea, and has also been used for traditional application as a health food or herbal medicine in European counties, including the UK, the Netherlands, and Germany for > 30 years [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut dysbiosis induces the development of depression-like behavior through abnormal synapse pruning in microglia-mediated by complement C3

Hao,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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Background Remodeling eubiosis of the gut microenvironment may contribute to preventing the occurrence and development of depression. Mounting experimental evidence has shown that complement C3 signaling is associated with the pathogenesis of depression, and disruption of the gut microbiota may be an underlying cause of complement system activation. However, the mechanism by which complement C3 participates in gut-brain crosstalk in the pathogenesis of depression remains unknown. Results In the present study, we found that chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced mice exhibited obvious depression-like behavior as well as cognitive impairment, which was associated with significant gut dysbiosis, especially enrichment of Proteobacteria and elevation of microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS). In addition, peripheral and central complement C3 activation and central C3/CR3-mediated aberrant synaptic pruning in microglia have also been observed. Transplantation of gut microbiota from CUMS-induced depression model mice into specific pathogen-free and germ-free mice induced depression-like behavior and concomitant cognitive impairment in the recipient mice, accompanied by increased activation of the complement C3/CR3 pathway in the prefrontal cortex and abnormalities in microglia-mediated synaptic pruning. Conversely, antidepressants and fecal microbiota transplantation from antidepressant-treated donors improved depression-like behaviors and restored gut microbiome disturbances in depressed mice. Concurrently, inhibition of the complement C3/CR3 pathway, amelioration of abnormal microglia-mediated synaptic pruning, and increased expression of the synapsin and postsynaptic density protein 95 were observed. Collectively, our results revealed that gut dysbiosis induces the development of depression-like behaviors through abnormal synapse pruning in microglia-mediated by complement C3, and the inhibition of abnormal synaptic pruning is the key to targeting microbes to treat depression. Conclusions Our findings provide novel insights into the involvement of complement C3/CR3 signaling and aberrant synaptic pruning of chemotactic microglia in gut-brain crosstalk in the pathogenesis of depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut dysbiosis induces the development of depression-like behavior through abnormal synapse pruning in microglia-mediated by complement C3

Hao,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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“…Currently, few reports have shown that Xiaoyaosan granules induce side effects via FXR activation. It has been used to treat mental illnesses for centuries without obvious adverse effect [46] . Previous reports have shown that Xiaoyaosan granules ameliorate glucocorticoid-induced hepatic steatosis by decreasing the translocation of GR into the nucleus [18] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restraint stress promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating the farnesoid X receptor/NLRP3 signaling pathway

Yang,

Lv,

Lin

et al. 2023

ABBS

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Psychological stress promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development. However, the pathogenesis of psychological stress-induced NASH remains unclear. This study aims to explore the underlying mechanism of restraint stress-induced NASH, which mimics psychological stress, and to discover potential NASH candidates. Methionine choline deficient diet- and high fat diet-induced hepatosteatotic mice are subjected to restraint stress to induce NASH. The mice are administrated with Xiaoyaosan granules, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inhibitors, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, or macrophage scavengers. Pathological changes and NLRP3 signaling in the liver are determined. These results demonstrate that restraint stress promotes hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in hepatosteatotic mice. Restraint stress increases the expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, Gasdermin D, interleukin-1β, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, and sterol 12α-hydroxylase and decreases the expression of FXR in NASH mice. Xiaoyaosan granules reverse hepatic inflammation and fibrosis and target FXR and NLRP3 signals. In addition, inhibition of NLRP3 reduces the NLRP3 inflammasome and liver damage in mice with restraint stress-induced NASH. Elimination of macrophages and activation of FXR also attenuate inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3 signaling. However, NLRP3 inhibitors or macrophage scavengers fail to affect the expression of FXR. In conclusion, restraint stress promotes NASH-related inflammation and fibrosis by regulating the FXR/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Xiaoyaosan granules, NLRP3 inhibitors, FXR agonists, and macrophage scavengers are potential candidates for the treatment of psychological stress-related NASH.

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“…Nevertheless, this result should be carefully interpreted due to concerns about publication bias and poor clinical research quality ( 32 ). The potential mechanisms of Xiao Yan Wan could involve the modulation of monoamine neurotransmitters, and regulation of the HPA axis, but more solid research is required ( 33 ).…”

Section: Efficiency and Safety Of Chm For Mddmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical application of Chinese herbal medication to depression: A narrative review

Kang

Dong

Shen

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Depression severely impairs psychosocial functioning and quality of life, which places a huge burden on patients and their families. However, the physiological mechanism of depression remains unknown. Treatment with existing antidepressant medications is effective in around 50% of patients according to various studies, but is associated with severe side effects including nausea and headaches. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been approved and widely used for depression as an alternative medicine in Chinese culture for decades. It has certain advantages and potential in the prevention and treatment of depression. In this review, we summarize the currently available evidence for the efficacy of CHM for the treatment of depression and physiological diseases comorbid with depression. We further discuss the possible mechanisms of action of CHM and the relationships to our current understanding of depression. The majority of current evidence has suggested that the combined treatment with CHM and mainstream antidepressants improves the response rate and reduces the side effects, while CHM alone could be more effective than placebo. However, the results should be carefully interpreted due to the shortcomings of existing clinical trials and a high risk of bias in meta-analyses. Our review provides a summary of the current applications and understanding of widely used CHMs for depression.

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Research progress on classical traditional chinese medicine formula xiaoyaosan in the treatment of depression

Cited by 11 publications

References 123 publications

Gut dysbiosis induces the development of depression-like behavior through abnormal synapse pruning in microglia-mediated by complement C3

Gut dysbiosis induces the development of depression-like behavior through abnormal synapse pruning in microglia-mediated by complement C3

Restraint stress promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating the farnesoid X receptor/NLRP3 signaling pathway

The clinical application of Chinese herbal medication to depression: A narrative review

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