Research progress on active thermal protection for hypersonic vehicles

Zhang, Silong; Li, Xin; Zuo, Jingying; Cheng, Kunlin; Feng, Yuqing; Bao, Wen

doi:10.1016/j.paerosci.2020.100646

Cited by 152 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 242 publications

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“…With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the replacement of high-precision equipment such as advanced missiles, detectors, and radars has been occurring faster and faster . Hypersonic vehicles get heated due to the long-term interaction with the airflow and generate abnormally high temperatures on the surface . At the same time, the high-temperature special parts are easily detected using a radar .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralight and High-Strength SiC_nw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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An ultralight and high-strength SiCnw@SiC foam with highly efficient microwave absorption and heat insulation properties was successfully synthesized using the template sacrifice method and chemical vapor deposition process. The microstructure is a novel double network structure, which is formed by the coupling of the morphology-controlled SiCnw and the SiC skeleton. The introduction of SiCnw can not only provide more interface polarization and dielectric loss to the SiC foam, which greatly enhances the microwave absorption capacity of the composite foam, but also can enable it to act as an excellent radiation absorbent, which can effectively reduce the thermal conductivity of the foam, especially at high temperatures. In this study, a minimum reflection loss (RL min) of −52.49 dB was achieved at 2.82 mm thickness with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.6 GHz. As the length/diameter ratio of SiCnw decreases, the composite foam exhibits excellent high-temperature thermal insulation and mechanical properties. For the SiCnw@SiC foam, the thermal conductivity is only 0.304 W/mK at 1200 °C and the compressive strength reaches 1.53 MPa. This multifunctional SiCnw@SiC foam is an outstanding material, which has potential applications in microwave absorption and high-temperature heat insulation in harsh environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralight and High-Strength SiC_nw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Although the thermal shield can effectively insulate the surface thermal load, but its surface ablation changes the flight performance and this problem worsens when flying at a higher speed continuously. Thus, a thermal protection system (TPS) combining both passive and active cooling methods need to be introduced on extremely heated components to limit structural temperature to acceptable level, such as the film cooling applied for gas turbine thermal protection and active regenerative cooling used in rocket engines (Zhang et al 2020). For imaging guided vehicles, the surface thermal loads of its optical window profoundly affect the guidance precision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Cooling Efficiency of Hypersonic Optical Window

Zhao

et al. 2022

JAFM

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The cooling effectiveness of optical window influences the imaging quality of hypersonic vehicles. This study focuses on the supersonic film cooling efficiency on the optical window of a blunt cone in hypersonic flow. The experiments were conducted in a gun tunnel equipped with a Mach 8 nozzle providing a total pressure and temperature of 9 MPa and 900 K respectively. Three tangential 2D nozzles with different combinations of slot heights and Mach numbers were designed to detect the film cooling length under different injection pressures. The heat flux on window surface was measured by Thin Film Gauges and the flow field was monitored by schlieren technique. When the jet pressure matched the mainstream, the window was completely cooled, and the minimum mass flow rate was achieved when the slot height was 5mm and the jet Mach number was 2.5. If the pressure ratio of jet continues to increase, the heat flux density could be furtherly reduced, but the cooling efficiency of unit coolant mass flow decreased significantly. The data correlation results showed that the cooling efficiency presented a nonlinear relationship of second order polynomial with (x/Sh)λ -0.8 , and the effective cooling length of film was positively correlated with the cooling mass flow ratio (λ) and slot height of the nozzle. Besides, the increase of jet pressure resulted in thickening the mixing layer, which enhanced the heat insulation effect and reduced the heat flux as a result.

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“…Niobium-based alloys are expected to replace nickelbased materials and become critical structural materials in the aerospace field by the end of the 21st century [10,11]. Nonetheless, the oxidation resistance of niobium-based alloys is lacking [12], and severe pulverization will occur when exposed to air above 500 • C for a short time, severely restricting its application in high-temperature, oxygen-rich environments. At present, the commonly used methods to inhibit the occurrence of this kind of oxidation include alloying and surface coating technology [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protection, Challenge, and Prospect of Anti-Oxidation Coating on the Surface of Niobium Alloy

Zhang

Cui

et al. 2021

Coatings

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Niobium (Nb)-based alloys have been extensively used in the aerospace field owing to their excellent high-temperature mechanical properties. However, the inferior oxidation resistance severely limits the application of Nb-based alloys in a high-temperature, oxygen-enriched environment. Related scholars have extensively studied the oxidation protection of niobium alloy and pointed out that surface coating technology is ideal for solving this problem. Based on the different preparation methods of Nb-based alloys’ surface coatings, this article summarizes the relevant research of domestic and foreign scholars in the past 30 years, including the slurry sintering method (SS), suspension plasma spraying method (SPS), and halide activated pack cementation method (HAPC), etc. The growth mechanism and micromorphology of the coatings access by different preparation methods are evaluated. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of various coating oxidation characteristics and coating preparation approaches are summarized. Finally, the coating’s oxidation behavior and failure mechanism are summarized and analyzed, aiming to provide valuable research references in related fields.

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Research progress on active thermal protection for hypersonic vehicles

Cited by 152 publications

References 242 publications

Ultralight and High-Strength SiC_nw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties

Ultralight and High-Strength SiC_nw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties

Experimental Study on Cooling Efficiency of Hypersonic Optical Window

The Protection, Challenge, and Prospect of Anti-Oxidation Coating on the Surface of Niobium Alloy

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Research progress on active thermal protection for hypersonic vehicles

Cited by 152 publications

References 242 publications

Ultralight and High-Strength SiCnw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties

Ultralight and High-Strength SiCnw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties

Experimental Study on Cooling Efficiency of Hypersonic Optical Window

The Protection, Challenge, and Prospect of Anti-Oxidation Coating on the Surface of Niobium Alloy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ultralight and High-Strength SiC_nw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties

Ultralight and High-Strength SiC_nw@SiC Foam with Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption and Heat Insulation Properties