Research progress of osteochondral composite scaffolds in tissue engineering cartilage repair

Abstract

Abstract：Repair and regeneration of articular cartilage has always been a major challenge in the medical field due to its peculiar structure (e.g. sparsely distributed chondrocytes, no blood supply). Cartilage tissue engineering is one promising strategy for cartilage repair, however, one critical issue for cartilage tissue engineering is the integration between tissue-engineered and native cartilage. In recent years, osteochondral tissue engineering have attracted growing interest for overcoming this problem. Herein, we review the development of osteochondral tissue engineering. Firstly, currently used seed cells in osteochondral tissue engineering will be described. Secondly, several types of scaffolds and their (dis)advantage for osteochondral tissue engineering will be introduced. Thirdly, the growth factors currently used in osteochondral tissue engineering will be presented and discussed.

Fabrication of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Using Decellularized Scaffolds and Chondrocytes

“…In terms of surgical methods, the mechanical outcome is poor and the lack of abrasion resistance eventually leads to regression [ 4 ]. Moreover, the repair of cartilage defects through the transplantation of periosteum, bone perichondrium, and osteochondral material to try to produce hyaline cartilage has been attempted [ 5 , 6 ]. However, results of long-term clinical results for patients are uncertain.…”