Research Progress of Laser Cladding on the Surface of Titanium and Its Alloys

Abstract

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have been widely employed in aeronautical, petrochemical, and medical fields owing to their fascinating advantages in terms of their mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and so on. However, Ti and its alloys face many challenges, if they work in severe or more complex environments. The surface is always the origin of failure for Ti and its alloys in workpieces, which influences performance degradation and service life. To improve the properties and function, surface modification becomes the common process for Ti and its alloys. The present article reviews the technology and development of laser cladding on Ti and its alloys, according to the cladding technology, cladding materials, and coating function. Generally, the laser cladding parameters and auxiliary technology could influence the temperature distribution and elements diffusion in the molten pool, which basically determines the microstructure and properties. The matrix and reinforced phases play an important role in laser cladding coating, which can increase the hardness, strength, wear resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and so on. However, the excessive addition of reinforced phases or particles can deteriorate the ductility, and thus the balance between functional properties and basic properties should be considered during the design of the chemical composition of laser cladding coatings. In addition, the interface including the phase interface, layer interface, and substrate interface plays an important role in microstructure stability, thermal stability, chemical stability, and mechanical reliability. Therefore, the substrate state, the chemical composition of the laser cladding coating and substrate, the processing parameters, and the interface comprise the critical factors which influence the microstructure and properties of the laser cladding coating prepared. How to systematically optimize the influencing factors and obtain well-balanced performance are long-term research issues.

High-Temperature Oxidation Properties of Ti-Hf-Mo-Ta-Nb-B Composite Coating Deposited on Ti60 Alloy with Laser Cladding

“…It can be seen from the above that the highest temperature of the high-temperature anti-oxidation coating prepared on Ti60 alloy reported in the literature does not exceed 900 • C, and although there are many literature reports [8][9][10][11][12] on the preparation of hightemperature oxidation-resistant coatings on the surface of different titanium alloys, such as TA2 [8], TA15 [9] and TC4 [10][11][12], using laser cladding, there is no literature report on the preparation of high-temperature anti-oxidation coating resistant to 1100 • C on Ti60 alloy. The melting point of titanium is 1668 • C, the boiling point is 3260 • C, and the density is 4.5 g/cm 3 , which has a wide range of uses in the aerospace field.…”

Fabrication of Smart Materials Using Laser Processing: Analysis and Prospects

“…The development of smart materials can also encompass the integration of specialized additives or compounds through laser processing. These functional additives have the capacity to introduce novel properties and functionalities to materials [98,99]. For instance, in [100], a study aimed to enhance the bioactivity and wear resistance of titanium and its alloys for potential implant applications.…”

Analyzing the Surface Topography of Hafnium Nitride Coating on Titanium Screws: An In Vitro Analysis

“…The use of surface coatings to enhance the properties lacking in titanium has attracted significant focus in recent times. The properties it aims to improve are corrosion resistance, biocompatibility enhancement, osseointegration promotion, reduced wear and friction, anti-bacterial properties, and improved imaging [ 6 , 7 ]. Overall, surface coatings over titanium implants offer a versatile approach to enhance their performance and address specific challenges associated with implantology, ultimately improving patient outcomes.…”