Research Progress of Genetic Structure, Pathogenic Mechanism, Clinical Characteristics, and Potential Treatments of Coronavirus Disease 2019

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and currently affects more than 8 million people worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 mainly invades the cells by binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, leading to the injury of respiratory system, cardiovascular system, digestive system, and urinary system, and even secondary to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and systemic inflammatory response, resulting in multiple organ failure. In this review, mainly focusing on biogenesis and pathogenic mechanisms, we describe the recent progress in our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and then summarize and discuss its crucial clinical characteristics and potential mechanism in different systems. Additionally, we discuss the potential treatments for COVID-19, aiming at a better understanding of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and providing new ideas for the personalized treatment of COVID-19.

Molecular Hydrogen: A Promising Adjunctive Strategy for the Treatment of the COVID-19

“…After entering the cell, it releases its own RNA, associates with ribosomes for the translation process, and uses the material of the host cell to synthesize its own structural proteins, functional proteins for nucleic acid replication, and viral nucleic acids. Enough structural proteins and viral genomic ribonucleic acid combine to form a progeny virus and then the vesicles are released outside the cell to continue infecting the other cells (4,5). After the virus breaks through the first barrier, the innate immune response of the host is activated.…”

The Predictors of in-Hospital Mortality in Hypertensive Elderly Intensive Care Unit Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

“…Still, only the AST level (>34 u/l) was an independent predictor of mortality. There is a strong and reasonable relationship between abnormal liver biochemistry and SARS-CoV-2 infection severity (18). It is unclear whether a liver injury results directly from a viral infection, due to potentially hepatotoxic drugs, or as a part of multi-organ dysfunction in COVID-19.…”

COVID-19, Telehealth and Access to Care

“…The genetic structure, pathogenic mechanism, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 have been studied extensively [26,27]. Vaccination against COVID-19 is widely believed to be the most promising path to resolution of the pandemic [28].…”