Research Progress of Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome

Abstract

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new infectious disease first discovered in Ta-pieh Mountains in central China in 2009. It is caused by a novel bunyavirus infection (SFTSV). Since the first discovery of SFTSV, there have been case reports and epidemiological studies on SFTS in several East Asian countries, such as South Korea, Japan, Vietnam and so on. With the rising incidence of SFTS and the rapid spread of the novel bunyavirus around the world, it is clear that the virus has a pandemic potential and may pose a threat to global public health in the future. Early studies have suggested that ticks are an important medium for the transmission of SFTSV to humans; in recent years, it has been reported that there is also human-to-human transmission. In endemic areas, potential hosts include a variety of livestock and wildlife. When people are infected with SFTV, the main clinical manifestations are high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, liver and kidney function damage, and even MODS, with a mortality rate of about 10–30%. This article reviews the latest progress of novel bunyavirus, including virus transmission vector, virus genotypic diversity and epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and treatment.

Elucidation of prognostic factors in the acute phase of feline severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection

“…The overall population of SFTSV-positive cats was highly viremic, with several parameters departing from the reference ranges (WBC, PLT, T-Bil, Glu, and SAA). The target cells infected with SFTSV were reported to be B cells, which impair the host immune response to invading pathogen, and may lead to a decrease in white blood cells [17,19].…”

“…The overall population of SFTSV-positive cats was highly viremic, with several parameters departing from the reference ranges (WBC, PLT, T-Bil, Glu, and SAA). The target cells infected with SFTSV were reported to be B cells, which impair the host immune response to invading pathogen, and may lead to a decrease in white blood cells [ 17 , 19 ]. Thrombocytopenia is a hallmark of SFTSV infection in human and cats with SFTSV infection, which is thought to be involved in several mechanisms, such as increased consumption of peripheral platelets from virus-induced activation of the coagulation pathway, or by clearance of SFTSV-bound platelet by splenic macrophages.…”

Clinical factors associated with SFTS diagnosis and severity in cats

“…17 Although the case fatality rate of SFTS has been reported to be up to 30%, 19 no effective treatment has yet been developed. 20 Therefore, it is imperative to understand the pathogenicity of SFTS and develop countermeasures.…”

Clinical Factors Associated with SFTS Diagnosis and Severity in Cats

“…Age, sex, and elevated levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) are associated with the risk of death in SFTS [ 17 ]. Although the case fatality rate of SFTS has been reported to be up to 30% [ 19 ], no effective treatment has yet been developed [ 20 ]. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the pathogenicity of SFTS and develop countermeasures.…”