Research Participation: Are We Subject to a Duty?

Wachbroit, Robert; Wasserman, David H.

doi:10.1080/15265160590927831

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In addition, if we accept a weaker version of the beneficence argument in which people have an obligation to perform a limited number of beneficent acts, the beneficence argument would not explain why one has a special obligation to participate in biomedical research as contrasted with other beneficent acts such as donating to charity. 10…”

Section: Beneficencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of participating in research, a person could donate to Oxfam or the Special Olympics. 10 It is practically infeasible to attempt a moral "accounting," where someone weighs the good deeds he or she has recently done to see if they are sufficient. And even if such were possible, it is problematic to have contributions in one sphere of action offset duties to contribute to other spheres.…”

Section: Alternate Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Obligation to Participate in Biomedical Research

Schaefer

Emanuel²,

Wertheimer³

2009

JAMA

134

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The prevailing view is that participation in biomedical research is above and beyond the call of duty. While some commentators have offered reasons against this, we propose a novel public goods argument for an obligation to participate in biomedical research. Biomedical knowledge is a public good, available to any individual even if that individual does not contribute to it. Participation in research is a critical way to support that important public good. Consequently, we all have a duty to participate. The current social norm is that people participate only if they have a good reason to do so. The public goods argument implies that people should participate unless they have a good reason not to. Such a shift would be of great aid to the progress of biomedical research, eventually making our society significantly healthier and longer-lived.We defend the obligation view. We do so not to make a philosophical point, but to stimulate support for a major cultural shift in the way physicians, researchers, patients, and society at large think about participation in research. The Standard ViewAccording to the standard view, participation in research is akin to giving blood or donating to charity. [1][2][3][4][5] Participation that benefits society is supererogatory -while participants who put themselves at risk or inconvenience deserve praise, people who refuse to participate in research are not acting wrongly or unethically.

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Section: Beneficencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alternate Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Obligation to Participate in Biomedical Research

Schaefer

Emanuel²,

Wertheimer³

2009

JAMA

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For some, research participation is a valuable civic activity that allows individuals to serve a community from which they derive benefits but it cannot be considered a moral duty (Wachbroit and Wasserman 2005). Others have pointed out that the duty to participate in research can only be understood as an imperfect duty to promote the welfare of others.…”

Section: On the Putative Moral Duty To Participate In Research: Ignormentioning

confidence: 98%

A Duty to Participate in Research: Does Social Context Matter?

Melo‐Martín

2008

The American Journal of Bioethics

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Because of the important benefits that biomedical research offers to humans, some have argued that people have a general moral obligation to participate in research. Although the defense of such a putative moral duty has raised controversy, few scholars, on either side of the debate, have attended to the social context in which research takes place and where such an obligation will be discharged. By reflecting on the social context in which a presumed duty to participate in research will obtain, this article shows that decontextualized discussions of this putative moral obligation are problematic.

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“…15 Other scholars (Sharp, Yarborough, Wachbroit, Wasserman, Rennie) have criticized the proponents for not discussing the issue in depth based on counterarguments. 16 The relevance of the…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Margin of Moral Duty of Human Being to Participate in Biomedical Research

2022

LAW

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The existing paradigm of biomedical research ethics, based on respecting the free and informed consent of the research participant, originates from the famous Nuremberg Trial (1947), where the Nazi doctors were convicted of killing and torturing prisoners using medical experiments in German Concentration Camps during World War II. Since the second half of the 20th century, several international instruments have been developed to protect the rights of persons involved in research, considering the voluntariness of participation. Nevertheless, scientific community started to discuss the moral basis of mandatory human participation in biomedical research. Even today, some scholars argue that biomedical research creates public goods in the form of health, safety, and knowledge enjoyed almost by all members of society. The moral duty to participate in research is due to the need for public participation in producing public goods. Others suggest that human beings have a moral obligation to take some risks to help others. So, the moral duty to participate in biomedical research relies on the principles of justice, beneficence, etc. Considering the importance of this issue for research ethics, this article discusses the doctrines and theories, including public goods, free-riding, and beneficence, to set the margin of the moral duty of human beings to participate in biomedical research.

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Research Participation: Are We Subject to a Duty?

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

The Obligation to Participate in Biomedical Research

The Obligation to Participate in Biomedical Research

A Duty to Participate in Research: Does Social Context Matter?

The Margin of Moral Duty of Human Being to Participate in Biomedical Research

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