Research on the Strength of Green Hydroxyapatite Coating Obtained by Electrophoretic Deposition

Gao, Lin

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.583.395

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Owing to facing an increasing shortage of fossil resources, these routes will be substituted by others in the near future. In recent years, bulk chemicals have been obtained from a sustainable biomass route, − and for instance, acrolein from glycerol, − acrylic acid from glycerol or lactic acid (LA), − and n-butanol from ethanol. − To some degree, these investigations have further indicated that it is a promising way for production of bulk chemicals depending on biomass resources. Acetaldehyde is also obtained from a biomass route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonylation of Lactic Acid to Acetaldehyde over Aluminum Sulfate Catalyst

Zhai

Tang

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Decarbonylation of lactic acid to acetaldehyde over several solid catalysts was investigated. Among the tested catalysts, aluminum sulfate has an excellent activity. In order to further understand the main reason which influenced the catalytic activity, NH3-TPD was used to estimate the acidity of the catalyst. According to the total acid amount, aluminum sulfate has a moderate amount. Heteropolyacids have strong acidity which caused serious carbon deposition on the surface of catalysts, resulting in a rapid deactivation of catalysts. Besides, FT-IR, XRD, and SEM were also utilized to characterize the fresh catalysts and the used. As for the aluminum sulfate catalyst, an evident adsorption band occurs in 2970 cm–1, suggesting a formation of poly lactate on the surface of the catalyst, and led to deactivation of the catalyst. Other parameters such as reaction temperature, lactic acid concentration, and LHSV (liquid hourly space velocity) were also discussed. Inspiringly, at high LHSV, lactic acid was efficiently converted to acetaldehyde via a decarbonylation reaction. As for stability and the recovery of aluminum sulfate, deactivation of the catalyst belongs to temporary deactivation caused by poly lactate covering the active sites of the catalyst, and only at simple calcination under the air atmosphere, the catalyst may be compeletely regenerated. Under the optimal reaction conditions, conversion of lactic acid achieved 100%, and the selectivity of acetaldehyde achieved 92.1% at 380 °C over the aluminum sulfate catalyst.

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