Research on the mixed control strategy of the battery energy storage considering frequency modulation, peak regulation, and SOC

Abstract

The battery energy storage system (BESS) is considered as an effective way to solve the lack of power and frequency fluctuation caused by the uncertainty and the imbalance of renewable energy. Based on these, this paper proposes a mixed control strategy for the BESS. First, this paper divides the demand for frequency modulation, peak regulation, and state of charge (SOC) of the battery into different zones. Then the Kuramoto model modulates the frequency, and the self-recovery strategy is used to optimize the SOC.Meanwhile, the proposed mixed control strategy is used to integrate frequency control, demand control, and SOC optimization. Finally, the simulation results verify the rationality of the strategy.

Adaptive Virtual Inertial Control and Virtual Droop Control Coordinated Control Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage Taking into Account State of Charge Optimization

“…In order to verify the effectiveness of this paper's strategy, a step load perturbation of 0.05 p.u. is set at 2 s. The system frequency deviation, the thermal unit output, the storage output, the SOC change curves of this paper's strategy and the single-battery control strategy proposed in the literature [10] (a common lithium battery is used in this paper, hereinafter referred to as the single-lithium strategy), and the strategy of no energy storage are shown in Figures 6-9, and the evaluation indexes are shown in Table 4.…”

“…In order to verify the effectiveness of this paper's strategy, a step load perturbation of 0.05 p.u. is set at 2 s. The system frequency deviation, the thermal unit output, the storage output, the SOC change curves of this paper's strategy and the single-battery control strategy proposed in the literature [10] (a common lithium battery is used in this paper, hereinafter referred to as the single-lithium strategy), and the strategy of no energy storage are shown in Figures 6-9, and the evaluation indexes are shown in Table 4. From Figures 6 and 7, it can be seen that comparing the system frequency deviation and thermal unit output curve, the absolute value of the maximum frequency deviation under this paper's strategy is the smallest, followed by the single-lithium strategy, and it is the worst without energy storage; for the steady-state frequency deviation, the current strategy is consistent with the single-lithium strategy, and the no energy storage is the worst.…”

“…The authors of [9] used energy storage to assist wind turbines to jointly participate in grid frequency regulation, so that the wind turbine has a similar traditional unit of primary frequency regulation ability, and they constructed a storage economy to reach the goal of establishing an optimization model so as to find the optimal capacity configuration of energy storage. The authors of [10] analyzed the characteristics of SOC that may fall into poor working conditions after energy storage is involved in one-time FR with VDC, and they proposed an energy storage SOC reconfiguration control strategy after one-time FR which can significantly improve the service life of energy storage. The authors of [11] analyzed the characteristics of wind power output and proposed an optimized VDC control strategy for energy storage participation in wind-power-containing grids, which can effectively suppress wind power fluctuations.…”

ADRC‐based control strategy for DC‐link voltage of flywheel energy storage system

“…Besides, the randomness of renewable energy can cause frequency fluctuation of the power system, which will lead to serious security issues in the power system. To solve these problems, energy storage systems have received more and more attention 1 …”

“…To solve these problems, energy storage systems have received more and more attention. 1 Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) is an electromechanical energy conversion energy storage device. 2 It uses a high-speed flywheel to store mechanical kinetic energy, and realizes the mutual conversion between electrical energy and mechanical kinetic energy by the reciprocal electric/generation two-way motor.…”