Research on the Interdependence Linkages between Soil Tillage Systems and Climate Factors on Maize Crop

Chețan, Felicia; Rusu, Teodor; Călugăr, Roxana; Cheţan, Cornel; Șimon, Alina; Ceclan, Adrian; Bărdaș, Marius; Mintaș, O.

doi:10.3390/land11101731

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Minimum tillage (MTC) is based on reducing the depth or intensity of processes; at the same time, this method is characterized by a reduction in the number of individual operations [36]. In Chet , an et al's [37] study, MTC minimum treatment (chisel treatment) in maize cultivation can be considered comparable to CT, as the results showed negligible differences between yields. The research by Chirita et al [38] pointed to good yields in winter wheat with MTC when this variant was treated with high doses of fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle Data as an Effective Tool for the Evaluation of Ancient Khorasan and Modern Kabot Spring Wheat Varieties under Different Tillage Systems

Balážová,

Kumhálová,

Chyba

2024

Agronomy

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With the changing climate, there is an increasing emphasis on drought-resistant varieties, including the ability to maintain quality production. As there is also interest in ancient wheat varieties, the aim of this study was to evaluate the growth parameters of the ancient Khorasan (Kamut®) and modern Kabot spring wheat varieties using remote sensing data. Images from unmanned aerial vehicles during four growing seasons were processed. Based on vegetation indices, the growth of these varieties and their response to meteorological conditions were evaluated, as well as the ability to resist drought and higher temperatures with respect to specific soil conditions under conventional (CT), minimum (MTC), and minimization (MTD) tillage systems. It was found that Khorasan had the lowest values of the vegetation indices on the CT variant in the dry years 2022 and 2023. On the contrary, in the previous wet years, 2020 and 2021, both varieties showed similar results. Regarding water stress, the CT variant was also the least suitable for ancient Khorasan (average Crop Water Stress Index = CWSI = 0.38). On the contrary, this variant seems to be suitable for the modern Kabot variety (CWSI = 0.29), while no significant difference between tillage variants was found for this variety. In general, water stress was easily detectable from the observed parameters in the growth phase of stem elongation (R2 up to 0.88). Regarding the individual methods of tillage and water stress, the ancient variety Khorasan performed the worst with the CT variant. MTD appeared to be the best tillage method for Khorasan cultivation in terms of water management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle Data as an Effective Tool for the Evaluation of Ancient Khorasan and Modern Kabot Spring Wheat Varieties under Different Tillage Systems

Balážová,

Kumhálová,

Chyba

2024

Agronomy

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“…In Romania, maize is the most widespread crop, and it is used in human and animal nutrition [9]. The cultivation of maize in the Transylvanian Plateau is totally dependent on the amount of water from rainfall and groundwater supply [10]; thus, in order to have satisfactory results in terms of harvest and quality, the monitoring of climatic parameters and soil water supply is of real importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

Șimon¹,

Moraru

Ceclan³

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Climate change has become the biggest global challenge, being a real danger especially for crops and an inevitable threat to food security. This paper presents the results of a study conducted in the Transylvanian Plain during 2012–2021, regarding the influence of climatic factors, such as temperature, rainfall, water reserve in the soil and hours of sunshine, on the development stages and yield of maize. During 2012–2021, the soil water reserve determined for maize cultivation was above the minimum requirements (1734.8 m3 ha−1) in the spring months, but fell below this limit in the months when the water consumption for maize was the highest, but without reaching the withering index (1202.8 m3 ha−1). The hours of sunshine in the maize vegetation period have been significantly reduced from 1655.5 h (2012) to values between 1174.6 and 1296.7 h, with a significant decrease in this parameter being observed. The coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.51) shows the importance of rainfall during the period of emergence of reproductive organs in maize production. During 2019–2021, there was a decreasing trend of temperatures in May compared to the multiannual average of this month, and therefore the processes of emergence and growth of plants in the early stages were affected. During the period of the study, all parameters analyzed (temperature, rainfall, water reserve in the soil, hours of sunshine) deviated from the multiannual average, with negative variations compared to the requirements of maize. Climatic conditions, especially during the growing season, have a significant influence on the yield of a crop, especially when the interaction between several parameters is manifested.

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“…It is difficult to predict the reaction of the maize crop to the soil tillage system, as the yields are influenced by several factors, such as soil characteristics, the microclimate [37], and the effects of different practices (the degree of soil mobilization, sowing, the equipment used, crop rotation, hybrids, fertilization, weed control, etc. [38][39][40][41][42][43]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Unconventional Tillage Systems to Maize Cultivation and Measures for Rational Use of Agricultural Lands

Chețan,

Rusu,

Chețan

et al. 2023

Land

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the main agricultural crops grown worldwide under very diverse climate and soil conditions. For maize cultivation in a conventional tillage system, autumn plowing is a mandatory condition. Minimum soil tillage or no tillage has been applied in recent years, both in research and in production, for reasons relating to soil conservation and fuel economy. This paper presents the results of the research executed under pedoclimatic conditions at the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda (ARDS Turda, Romania; chernozem soil) regarding the behavior of the maize hybrid Turda 332 cultivated in four tillage systems and two levels of fertilization during the period of 2016–2022. The following soil tillage systems were applied: a conventional tillage system (CT) and unconventional tillage systems in three variants—a minimum tillage system with a chisel (MTC), a minimum tillage system with a disk (MTD), and a no-tillage system (NT). They were applied with two levels of fertilization: basic fertilization (350 kg ha−1 NPK 16:16:16, applied at sowing) and optimized fertilization (350 kg ha−1 NPK 16:16:16 applied at sowing + 150 kg ha−1 calcium ammonium nitrate with additional fertilization in the phenophase of the maize with 6–7 leaves). The results highlight the fact that under the conditions of chernozem soils with a high clay content (41% clay content), maize does not lend itself to cultivation in MTD and NT, requiring deeper mobilization, with the yield data confirming this fact. This is because under the agrotechnical conditions for sowing carried out in MTD and NT, the seeder used (Maschio Gaspardo MT 6R) does not allow for the high-quality sowing of maize, especially under dry soil conditions. Instead, the MTC system could be an alternative to the conventional tillage system, with the yield difference being below 100 kg ha−1.

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Research on the Interdependence Linkages between Soil Tillage Systems and Climate Factors on Maize Crop

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle Data as an Effective Tool for the Evaluation of Ancient Khorasan and Modern Kabot Spring Wheat Varieties under Different Tillage Systems

Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle Data as an Effective Tool for the Evaluation of Ancient Khorasan and Modern Kabot Spring Wheat Varieties under Different Tillage Systems

The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Development Stages of Maize Crop in the Transylvanian Plain

Application of Unconventional Tillage Systems to Maize Cultivation and Measures for Rational Use of Agricultural Lands

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