Research on the Allocation of Flood Drainage Rights of the Sunan Canal Based on a Bi-level Multi-Objective Programming Model

Abstract

To reduce flood disasters and optimize of the comprehensive benefit of the water basin, the allocation of regional flood drainage rights is of great significance. Using the “top-down” allocation mode, we consider the influence of the social, economic, and ecological environments, flood drainage demand and efficiency, and other factors on the allocation of flood drainage rights. A bi-level multi-objective programming model from the perspective of fairness and efficiency is established for the allocation. The Sunan Canal is taken as a typical case study. The model is solved by the multi-objective optimal allocation method and the master–slave hierarchical interactive iteration algorithm. After three iterations of the initial solution, the allocation of flood drainage rights in six flood control regions finally reach an effective state. The results of the model were compared with results based on historical allocation principles, showing that the bi-level multi-objective programming model, based on the principles of fairness and efficiency, is more in line with the current social and economic development of the canal. In view of the institutional background of water resources management in China and the flood drainage pressure faced by various regions, the allocation of flood drainage rights should be comprehensively considered in combination with various factors, and the market mechanism should be utilized to optimize the allocation.

Use of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Environmental Gini Coefficient for Allocation of Regional Flood Drainage Rights

“…Xu [37] constructed spatial allocation and trading systems of the flood drainage rights in the Qinhuai River Basin as a new means of optimizing the compensation mechanisms of detention basins. Zhang et al [20] established a bi-layer multi-objective optimization model for flood drainage rights from the perspective of fairness and efficiency, then configured the drainage rights in the six flood control areas of the Sunan Canal. The formulation of non-engineering countermeasures should take into account the economic benefits and stakeholder recommendations with a focus on sustainable development [38].…”

“…From an economic perspective, these departments should consider the minimization of costs and expenses, as well as the maximization of profits. They should also pay attention to social, technical, demographic, and other factors involved in the total amount allocation process so as to achieve the appropriate fairness and efficiency [19,20].Flood drainage rights refer to the right to discharge floodwater generated by a rainstorm. The distribution process of flood drainage rights is a multi-objective complex system related to the government, enterprises, people, and other aspects.…”

“…From an economic perspective, these departments should consider the minimization of costs and expenses, as well as the maximization of profits. They should also pay attention to social, technical, demographic, and other factors involved in the total amount allocation process so as to achieve the appropriate fairness and efficiency [19,20].…”

Allocation of Flood Drainage Rights Based on the PSR Model and Pythagoras Fuzzy TOPSIS Method

“…The lower the correlation between different indicators, that is, the higher the degree of conflict between indicators, the more useful information can be provided. The improved entropy weight method with a conflict coefficient [20] was used to determine the weights of the above factors affecting the allocations, as shown in Table 2. According to the result of index weight, the index weight of pressure layer is the highest, followed by that of the state layer, and the index weight of response layer is the lowest.…”

“…Some areas consider only their own interests and damage the interests of the whole basin, so the watershed management department should consider the drainage capacities of water conservancy projects in the basin, as well as consider the rainfall distribution and drainage demand in each region. Combined with the social, economic, and ecological environments of each region, the rights of flood drainage to the water conservancy projects in each region are arranged in order to reduce damage within the basin [20]. When flood dispatching is conducted within the basin, sometimes the interests of some areas may be sacrificed for the sake of flood discharges, and the optimal allocations of drainage rights can be facilitated through appropriate economic compensations.…”