Research on safety of the intended functionality of automobile AEB perception system in typical dangerous scenarios of two-wheelers

Zhou, Hua; Li, Xiaoyan; He, Xijing; Li, Pingfei; Xiao, Luo; Dao-wen, Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2022.106709

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main vehicle in the scenario was modeled using a two-dimensional simple dynamics model, and two technology-independent sensors were used to simulate long-range millimeter-wave radar and short-range millimeter-wave radar. The time-to-collision (TTC) algorithm was employed to control the AEB 27 . In the TTC algorithm, if the radar detects a potential risk ahead on the road, the system provides an alert 2.6 s or less before the predicted crash.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of AEB and active seat belt on driver injury in vehicle–vehicle frontal oblique crash

Li,

Lei,

Liao

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The safety of vehicle occupants in oblique collision scenarios continues to pose challenges, even with the implementation of Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) systems. While AEB reduces collision risks, studies indicate it may heighten injury risks for out-of-position (OOP) occupants. To counteract this issue, the integration of active seat belts in vehicles equipped with AEB systems is recommended. Firstly, this study established an oblique angle collision scenario post-AEB activation using data from the Chinese National Automobile Accident In-depth Investigation System (NAIS) database, analyzed through Prescan software. The dynamic response of the vehicle was examined. Following this, finite element (FE) models were validated to assess the effects of collision overlap rate, AEB braking strategy, and active seat belt pre-tensioning on occupant injuries and kinematics. Under specific collision conditions, the impact of the timing and amount of seat belt pre-tensioning, as well as airbag deployment timing on occupant injuries, was also explored. Findings revealed that a 75% collision overlap rate significantly increases driver injury risk. Active seat belts effectively mitigate injuries caused by OOP statuses during AEB interventions, with the lowest Weighted Injury Criterion (WIC) observed at a pre-tensioning time of 200 ms for active seat belts. The study further suggests that optimal results in reducing occupant injuries are achieved when active pre-tensioning seat belts are complemented by appropriately timed airbag deployment.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of AEB and active seat belt on driver injury in vehicle–vehicle frontal oblique crash

Li,

Lei,

Liao

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the demands of SOTIF for autonomous vehicles, some SOTIF-related studies on automated driving functions have emerged. Different SOTIF analysis methods, which combined with system analysis theories such as Systems Theory Process Analysis (STPA) and Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), were presented in [37][38][39][40], and these methods were applied to autonomousemergency braking (AEB) systems. Both [41] and [42] studied the SOTIF-related problems of lane-keeping assist (LKA) systems and proposed solutions.…”

Section: Sotif Of the Automated Driving Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layered SOTIF Analysis and 3σ-Criterion-Based Adaptive EKF for Lidar-Based Multi-Sensor Fusion Localization System on Foggy Days

Cao

Luo

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The detection range and accuracy of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems are sensitive to variations in fog concentration, leading to the safety of the intended functionality-related (SOTIF-related) problems in the LiDAR-based fusion localization system (LMSFLS). However, due to the uncontrollable weather, it is almost impossible to quantitatively analyze the effects of fog on LMSFLS in a realistic environment. Therefore, in this study, we conduct a layered quantitative SOTIF analysis of the LMSFLS on foggy days using fog simulation. Based on the analysis results, we identify the component-level, system-level, and vehicle-level functional insufficiencies of the LMSFLS, the corresponding quantitative triggering conditions, and the potential SOTIF-related risks. To address the SOTIF-related risks, we propose a functional modification strategy that incorporates visibility recognition and a 3σ-criterion-based variance mismatch degree grading adaptive extended Kalman filter. The visibility of a scenario is recognized to judge whether the measurement information of the LiDAR odometry is disturbed by fog. Moreover, the proposed filter is adopted to fuse the abnormal measurement information of the LiDAR odometry with IMU and GNSS. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can inhibit the divergence of the LMSFLS, improve the SOTIF of self-driving cars on foggy days, and accurately recognize the visibility of the scenarios.

show abstract

“…Data on incidents in different regions and geographical environments are stored at eight locations in China, and various vehicle types and crash patterns are included in the records. Hence, the dataset contains a representative sample of traffic accidents in China [11].…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cicchino [9] suggested that an AEB system with pedestrian detection could reduce crash risks by 25-27%. Song et al [10] and Zhou et al [11] optimized the AEB for different crashes to further improve driver and occupant protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driver Injury from Vehicle Side Impacts When Automatic Emergency Braking and Active Seat Belts Are Used

Dao-wen

Liu

2023

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As an advanced driver assistance system, automatic emergency braking (AEB) can effectively reduce accidents by using high-precision and high-coverage sensors. In particular, it has a significant advantage in reducing front-end collisions and rear-end accidents. Unfortunately, avoiding side collisions is a challenging problem for AEB. To tackle these challenges, we propose active seat belt pretensioning on driver injury in vehicles equipped with AEB in unavoidable side crashes. Firstly, records of impact cases from China’s National Automobile Accident In-Depth Investigation System were used to investigate a scenario in which a vehicle is impacted by an oncoming car after the vehicle’s AEB system is triggered. The scenario was created using PreScan software. Then, the simulated vehicles in the side impact were devised using a finite element model of the Toyota Yaris and a moving barrier. These were constructed in HyperMesh software along with models of the driver’s side seatbelt, side airbag, and side curtain airbag. Moreover, the models were verified, and driver out-of-position instances and injuries were evaluated in simulations with different AEB intensities up to 0.7 g for three typical side impact angles. Last but not least, the optimal combination of seatbelt pretensioning and the timing thereof for minimizing driver injury at each side impact angle was identified using orthogonal tests; immediate (at 0 ms) pretensioning at 80 N was applied. Our experiments show that our active seatbelt with the above parameters reduced the weighted injury criterion by 5.94%, 22.05%, and 20.37% at impact angles of 90°, 105°, and 120°, respectively, compared to that of a conventional seatbelt. The results of the experiment can be used as a reference to appropriately set the collision parameters of active seat belts for vehicles with AEB.

show abstract

Research on safety of the intended functionality of automobile AEB perception system in typical dangerous scenarios of two-wheelers

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Study of AEB and active seat belt on driver injury in vehicle–vehicle frontal oblique crash

Study of AEB and active seat belt on driver injury in vehicle–vehicle frontal oblique crash

Layered SOTIF Analysis and 3σ-Criterion-Based Adaptive EKF for Lidar-Based Multi-Sensor Fusion Localization System on Foggy Days

Driver Injury from Vehicle Side Impacts When Automatic Emergency Braking and Active Seat Belts Are Used

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About