Research on remanufacturing strategy for 45 steel gear using H13 steel powder based on laser cladding technology

Zhu, Lida; Wang, Shuhao; Pan, Haichao; Yuan, Cong; Chen, Xuesong

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.12.009

Cited by 130 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Laser surface engineering is a novel approach for the surface modification of metals that are aimed at enhancing their performance when subjected to severe environmental and industrial conditions [ 11 ]. Laser processing, which is a newly developed technique, offers many attractive advantages over conventional coating techniques [ 12 ]. The direct energy deposition (DED) process is a new rapid manufacturing technology that can build fully dense metal components directly from a selected powder [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

et al. 2021

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The TC21 alloy (Ti-6Al-3Mo-1.9Nb-2.2Sn-2.2Zr-1.5Cr) is considered a new titanium alloy that replaced the commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy in aerospace applications due to its higher operating temperatures. Recently, direct energy deposition was usually applied to enhance the hardness, tribological properties, and corrosion resistance for many alloys. Consequently, this study was performed by utilizing direct energy deposition (DED) on TC21 (α/β) titanium alloy to improve their mechanical properties by depositing a mixture powder of stellite-6 (Co-based alloy) and tungsten carbides particles (WC). Different WC percentages were applied to the surfaces of TC21 using a 4 kW continuous-wave fiber-coupled diode laser at a constant powder feeding rate. This study aimed to obtain a uniform distribution of hard surfaces containing undissolved WC particles that were dispersed in a Co-based alloy matrix to enhance the wear resistance of such alloys. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to characterize the deposited layers. New constituents and intermetallic compounds were found in the deposited layers. The microhardness was measured for all deposited layers and wear resistance was evaluated at room temperature using a dry sliding ball during a disk abrasion test. The results showed that the microstructure of the deposited layer consisted of a hypereutectic structure and undissolved tungsten carbide dispersed in the matrix of the Co-based alloy that depended on the WC weight fraction. The microhardness values increased with increasing WC weight fraction in the deposited powder by more than threefold as compared with the as-cast samples. A notable enhancement of wear resistance of the deposited layers was thus achieved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

et al. 2021

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“…The laser cladding can achieve excellent metallurgical bonding between the substrate and the added material, while the cladded layer is relatively pure [ 27 ]. Laser hard-facing is employed in the reparation of gears, as well [ 28 , 29 ], and its application also produces good results. The advantage of laser hard-facing lies in the fact that the heat source is narrowly concentrated at a certain point on the material, which results in better accuracy during the hard-facing, as well lesser influence of the heat on the surrounding base metal, which significantly reduces the size of the heat-affected zone and eliminates the appearance of the brittle phases and cracks.…”

Section: Preparation Of Samples For Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation Characteristics of Teeth Flanks of Gears Regenerated by Three Hard-Facing Procedures

et al. 2021

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Numerous phenomena that occur during the process of machine parts’ regeneration have a significant impact on the loss of their working ability. Therefore, the properties of the working surfaces of the teeth flanks of repaired gears were analyzed in this research. The hereditary properties of the gear teeth are expressed by the interdependence of their geometric and physical-mechanical-metallurgical parameters created during the technological operations of regeneration of worn teeth by welding/hard-facing. The hard-facing was executed with three filler metal types, namely: combination Inox 18/8/6 + EDur 600, Castolin 2 and UTP 670. The tested properties included geometrical accuracy, microstructure and microhardness. Evaluation of the executed regeneration procedures was done by comparing the mentioned parameters of the regenerated gears and the new ones. The tested gears were not withdrawn from production due to damage, but they were newly manufactured and intentionally damaged gears, made of the same materials, subjected to the same manufacturing process. In this way, all influences except for the considered filler metal type were eliminated. Based on results of the conducted experiments, it was possible to establish the influence of the filler metal type on the surface characteristics of the regenerated gears’ teeth flanks.

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“…Because of the simple process, superior processing e ciency, rapid heating and rapid cooling (10 5 -10 8 K/s), low coating dilution rate, and small deformation, laser cladding uses the shortest cycle to achieve the purpose of surface modi cation and repair [4][5][6][7][8]. At present, it has been widely utilized in the repair and remanufacturing of high-value parts or parts with distinctive shapes [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and mechanical properties investigation of Ni35A–TiC composite coating deposited on AISI 1045 steel by laser cladding

Zhang

Lian

Cao

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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In this research, the TiC-Ni35A composite coating was fabricated on the AISI 1045 steel substrate by laser cladding process. The cross-sectional morphology, microstructure, micro-hardness, and wear resistance of coatings obtained under different laser energy densities (E) and TiC powder ratios (PR) were analyzed.According to the results, all the coating had a reliable metallurgical bonding with the AISI 1045 steel substrate. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the coating phases were Ni and TiC. The average microhardness of the Ni35A-80wt.% TiC coating reached up to 75.12 HRC. The minimum coe cient of friction of the composite coating was only about 30% of the AISI 1045 substrate. The wear form was mainly adhesive wear when altering the TiC powder ratios, while the wear form also contained abrasion wear under different energy densities. The ability of decomposition and re-nucleation of TiC was signi cantly improved with the increase of laser energy densities and the decrease of TiC powder ratios.The micro-hardness, wear resistance, and coe cient of friction of the composite coating were improved because of the TiC strengthening phase particles. Compared with the AISI 1045 steel substrate, the microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coating was increased by 5.29 times and 6.26 times, respectively.

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Research on remanufacturing strategy for 45 steel gear using H13 steel powder based on laser cladding technology

Cited by 130 publications

References 22 publications

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

Exploitation Characteristics of Teeth Flanks of Gears Regenerated by Three Hard-Facing Procedures

Microstructure and mechanical properties investigation of Ni35A–TiC composite coating deposited on AISI 1045 steel by laser cladding

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