Research on Reliability of Structural Members Subjected to Snow or Wind Load for Design Working Life of 100 Years in China

Cheng, Kaikai; Yao, Jitao; Lv, Guanghui; Liu, Naifei; Zhang, Yuwei

doi:10.3390/su14031921

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

(24 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, geographically speaking, we divided all residents into three groups by two sloping edges, where two steps meet (Figure S 1 ). The average altitude of each region was based on the national standards of the People’s Republic of China (GB50009-2012) [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of altitude on thyroid disorders according to Chinese three-rung, ladder-like topography: national cross-sectional study

Gong,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Chinese topography appears a three-rung ladder-like distribution of decreasing elevation from northwest to southeast, which is divided by two sloping edges. Previous studies have reported that prevalence of thyroid diseases differed by altitude, and geographical factors were associated with thyroid disorders. To explore the association between three-rung ladder-like regions and thyroid disorders according to unique Chinese topographic features, we conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional study from 2015–2017 that covered all 31 mainland Chinese provinces. Methods A total of 78,470 participants aged ≥ 18 years from a nationally representative cross-sectional study were included. Serum thyroid peroxidase antibody, thyroglobulin antibody, and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels; urine iodine concentration; and thyroid volume were measured. The three-rung ladder-like distribution of decreasing elevation from northwest to southeast in China was categorized into three topographic groups according to elevation: first ladder, > 3000 m above sea level; second ladder, descending from 3000—500 m; and third ladder, descending from 500 m to sea level. The third ladder was further divided into groups A (500–100 m) and B (< 100 m). Associations between geographic factors and thyroid disorders were assessed using linear and binary logistic regression analyses. Results Participants in the first ladder group were associated with lower thyroid peroxidase (β = -4.69; P = 0.00), thyroglobulin antibody levels (β = -11.08; P = 0.01), and the largest thyroid volume (β = 1.74; P = 0.00), compared with the other groups. The second ladder group was associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (odds ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [1.18–1.43]) and subclinical hypothyroidism (odds ratio = 0.61, 95%confidence interval [0.57–0.66]) (P < 0.05) compared with the first ladder group. Group A (third ladder) (500–100 m) was associated with thyroid nodules and subclinical hypothyroidism (P < 0.05). Furthermore, group B (< 100 m) was positively associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibody positivity, and negatively associated with overt hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and goiter compared with the first ladder group(P < 0.05). Conclusion We are the first to investigate the association between different ladder regions and thyroid disorders according to unique Chinese topographic features. The prevalence of thyroid disorders varied among the three-rung ladder-like topography groups in China, with the exception of overt hyperthyroidism.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of altitude on thyroid disorders according to Chinese three-rung, ladder-like topography: national cross-sectional study

Gong,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Changes to the Regulatory Definition of Climatic Loads and Impacts on Building Structures

Bannikov,

Radkevych,

Kosiachevska

2024

STP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose. The main purpose of the publication is a qualitative and quantitative analysis of changes in climate loads associated with the introduction of the DBN V.1.2–2:2006 standard in the national regulatory framework, compared to the previous standard, as well as further changes to this standard. Methodology. To achieve this goal, both the standards for determining loads and impacts on building structures and the Amendments introduced, which provided for a number of innovations, were considered. The main emphasis is placed on the methodology for determining various types of climatic loads, including loads from the self-weight of soils, snow and wind loads, ice and wind loads, as well as the system for compiling combinations of these loads. The issue of terminology for the process of determining loads is covered. Findings. Based on the comparative analysis, it has been established that the approach to load combinations proposed in the Amendments allows obtaining higher values than all previously used approaches. The methodology for determining the load from the self-weight of soils remained unchanged. The methodology for determining snow and wind loads has been fundamentally changed. The final values of the loads are 2.5–3 times higher than the values in the previous standard. This is most evident in Sumy and Chernihiv regions of Ukraine. The methodology for determining the ice and wind load was supplemented in terms of taking into account the wind pressure in the presence of ice deposits. At the same time, the correlation with wind pressure in the absence of ice deposits is not clear enough. Originality. Changes in the methodology for determining the main types of climatic loads on building structures for the conditions of Ukraine, in particular, loads from the self-weight of soils, snow and wind loads, ice and wind loads, as well as the system for compiling combinations of these loads, were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. Practical value. The data obtained make it possible to determine the ways and directions for further improvement and refinement of the existing methods for calculating the main climatic loads for the conditions of Ukraine.

show abstract

Research on Reliability of Structural Members Subjected to Snow or Wind Load for Design Working Life of 100 Years in China

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of altitude on thyroid disorders according to Chinese three-rung, ladder-like topography: national cross-sectional study

Effects of altitude on thyroid disorders according to Chinese three-rung, ladder-like topography: national cross-sectional study

Changes to the Regulatory Definition of Climatic Loads and Impacts on Building Structures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About