Research on Rare Earth in Aluminum

Nie, Zuo Ren; Jin, Tong; Fu, Jingbou; Xu, Guefu; Yang, Junjun; Zhou, J; Zuo, Tieyong

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.396-402.1731

Cited by 88 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…In the last few decades, the use of rare earth metals, especially La, Ce, Nd, Sc, and mischmetal (MM, a mixture of rare earth elements) in alummum alloys has been studied by many workers, 2> n> 12 ' 61 where it has been reported that the microstructure of these alloys is modified, and the mechanical properties are improved as well. that a small addition of mischmetal (0.03-0.09% RE content) can be enough to modify the eutectic Si provided a critical cooling rate is reached.…”

Section: Mischmetal As a Modifier In Al-si Casting Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

effet de l'addition du "michmetal", du taux de refroidissement et du traitement thermique sur la microstructure et la dureté des alliages Al-Si de type 319, 356, et 413 /

Sebaie¹

2006

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Aluminum cast components have been widely used in many applications for over the past twenty years. The demands made by the transportation industry for light weight components (in order to reduce fuel consumption) has led to an increased use of aluminum alloys in the production of a wide variety of castings including critical components such as engine blocks and cylinderheads. Among these, Al-Si alloys are the most popular commercial alloys used for these applications, due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, high tensile and fatigue properties, and excellent corrosion and wear resistance. The addition of Si provides excellent castability and high resistance to hot-tearing, while the presence of alloying elements such as magnesium and copper offer the ability to heat treat Al-Si castings to high strength levels, which make them suitable for the production of highstress components for the automotive, aircraft and defense industries.The mechanical properties of a casting are controlled by its microstructure which, in turn, is influenced by the chemical composition of the alloy, i.e., by its Si, Mg, and Cu content, and by the presence of impurities such as iron, the presence of casting defects (porosity, inclusions, etc.), as well as the solidification conditions (i.e., cooling rate) and heat treatment applied. In the case of Al-Si alloys, this would imply the a-Al dendrite arm spacing (DAS), the morphology and size of the eutectic Si particles, and the amount of intermetallics and/or other second-phase constituents present in the microstructure.Cooling rate, in general, controls the fineness of the microstructure: the higher the cooling rate, the finer the a-Al dendrites and other phase particles, and the smaller the dendrite arm spacing.hi Al-Si alloys, the eutectic Si particle characteristics (i.e., size, morphology and distribution) are known to appreciably affect the mechanical properties. In the as-cast condition, the eutectic Si is observed in the form of brittle acicular plates that are detrimental to the tensile and impact properties. Through the use of a melt treatment termed "modification", the morphology of the eutectic Si is altered or "modified" from its acicular form to a fine, fibrous form that significantly improves the alloy ductility (and strength). The modification is carried out through the addition of elements such as Na, Sr, Ca, or mischmetal (a mixture of rare earth metals).The use of Na and Sr as modifying agents for Al-Si alloys is well established. Recently, however, interest has been focused on the use of mischmetal as a modifier for these alloys. Mischmetal is a combination of rare earth metals (Ce, La, Pr and Nd), and has been reported to act as a Si particle modifier in Al-Si alloys, with the capacity to overcome the problems of hydrogen pick-up, increased porosity and fading associated with the use of Vil strontium. Mischmetal has also been reported to have a high chemical reactivity with Al, Si, Cu and Mg, giving rise to the formation of hard, high melting-point intermeta...

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Section: Mischmetal As a Modifier In Al-si Casting Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

effet de l'addition du "michmetal", du taux de refroidissement et du traitement thermique sur la microstructure et la dureté des alliages Al-Si de type 319, 356, et 413 /

Sebaie¹

2006

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“…Addition of rare earth (RE) elements to Al-based metal alloys have received great attention since it can result in increasing their wear resistance [1], mechanical properties [2], electrochemical behavior [3] and thermal stability [4],etc. Thus, they are important for design of novel materials and further scientific and technical investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-principles calculations of phonon and thermodynamic properties of AlRE (RE = Y, Gd, Pr, Yb) intermetallic compounds

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Wu³

et al. 2012

Phys. Scr.

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The phonon and thermodynamic properties of rare-earth-aluminum intermetallics AlRE (RE=Y, Gd, Pr, Yb) with B2-type structure are investigated by performing density functional theory and density functional perturbation theory within the quasiharmonic approximation. The phonon spectra and phonon density of states, including the phonon partial density of states and total density of states, have been discussed. Our results demonstrate that the density of states is mostly composed of Al states at the high frequency. The temperature dependence of various quantities such as the thermal expansions, the heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure, the isothermal bulk modulus, and the entropy are obtained. The electronic contribution to the specific heat is discussed, and the presented results show that the thermal electronic excitation affecting the thermal properties is inessential. PACS: 71.20.Lp, 65.40.De, 71.15.Mb

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“…In the recent years of research studies the effect of low additions of erbium on the properties and microstructure of aluminum and its alloys has been intense [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The typical content of erbium in wrought and aluminium cast alloys are varies from 0.01 to 1.0 mass %, but preferably 0.1-0.3 mass % [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Novel Al-Er Master Alloys in Chloride-Fluoride Melt

Kosov

Bazhin

2018

MSF

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Abstract. A novel Al-Er master alloy has been prepared through situ metallothermic reactions of NaErF 4 and aluminium melts. The compound NaErF 4 is formed as a result of the interaction of NaF and ErF 3 in the melt medium KCl. The metallothermic reactions produce erbium, which through low solubility in molten aluminium and forms intermetallic compound Al 3 Er. The microstructures of the Al-Er master alloy with different contents of the alloying metal has been investigated. The results showed that the Al-Er master alloy mainly consisted of phases of α-Al and Al 3 Er, that confirmed by the results of X-ray diffraction. Backscattered electron imaging of the Al-Er master alloy under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the presence of phase Al 3 Er, which crystallized in the eutectic composition [Al+Al 3 Er]. The observed microstructure is explained according to the eutectic reaction in an Al-Er phase diagram. The preparation of Al-Er master alloy by the metallothermic reduction method will allow to reduce energy consumption for master alloy production and to reduce the cost of aluminium alloys alloyed with Er through the novel master alloy.

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Research on Rare Earth in Aluminum

Cited by 88 publications

References 0 publications

effet de l'addition du "michmetal", du taux de refroidissement et du traitement thermique sur la microstructure et la dureté des alliages Al-Si de type 319, 356, et 413 /

effet de l'addition du "michmetal", du taux de refroidissement et du traitement thermique sur la microstructure et la dureté des alliages Al-Si de type 319, 356, et 413 /

First-principles calculations of phonon and thermodynamic properties of AlRE (RE = Y, Gd, Pr, Yb) intermetallic compounds

Preparation of Novel Al-Er Master Alloys in Chloride-Fluoride Melt

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