Based on coordinate transformation method, the mathematical model for machining axisymmetric aspheric surface is set up. Parabolic surface is studied. The functional relationships between workpiece parameter, tool parameter, cutting state parameter and machine tool performance parameter are analyzed. The variation laws of key technical indexes such as the position of tool locating in vertical direction, the maximum vector height and aperture of parabolic surface, swing range of tool, the minimum arbor distance of tool locating tool carrier in lateral are deduced. An algorithm on dimensional range of machining axisymmetric aspheric surface for machine tool is presented. It can be estimated swiftly that whether the machine tool could do it before machining axisymmetric aspheric surface by means of inputting structure parameters of axisymmetric aspheric surface and motion ranges of machine tool. The simulation experiment results show the validity of the algorithm, which facilitates the machining of axisymmetric aspheric surface.