Research on Overcharge and Overdischarge Effect on Lithium-Ion Batteries

Wu, Chao; Sun, Jinlei; Zhu, Chunbo; Ge, Yunwang; Zhao, Yang

doi:10.1109/vppc.2015.7353006

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Slight over‐discharge will not result in obvious capacity fade. Our previous experiment showed that over‐discharge to 2.0 V did not result in observable capacity loss until 400 cycles [28]. However, over‐discharge indeed results in loss of active material at anode on the over‐discharged cells below 2.5 V, and electrochemically irreversible damages the host structure of cathode will be observed if the cell is further over‐discharged to 0 V due to excessive Li intercalation into cathode [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, anodic dissolution of the current collector causes oxidisation of copper (Cu) atoms to Cu 2+ . The deposited Cu becomes impurity for the battery and will accelerate the degradation or cause safety hazard [27, 28]. Though several works have been reported to identify the over‐discharged battery and identify the capacity loss in case of over‐discharge, the connection between external behaviour and internal mechanism of over‐discharge remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fault mechanism study on Li‐ion battery at over‐discharge and its diagnosis approach

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2017

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation

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A detailed research on fault mechanism of lithium (Li)-ion battery at over-discharge condition is reported in this study. Cells were cycled with different depths of discharge and reference performance tests were performed to extract parameters in dynamic and equilibrium conditions. The over-discharge process indicates that the abrupt change of temperature and impedance can be used for fault predication, while the parameter variations from federal urban driving schedule test can clearly identify the fault mode. Curves from incremental capacity analysis suggest loss of active material at negative electrode (LAMNE) as well as Li inventory loss may dominate the over-discharge process. Finally, post-mortem examination was carried out to validate authors' mechanism deduction and diagnosis approach. The proposed approach is suitable for over-discharge diagnosis and predication in electric vehicle applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault mechanism study on Li‐ion battery at over‐discharge and its diagnosis approach

Zhu

Sun

et al. 2017

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation

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“…Unfortunately, this simple relithiation process is difficult to scale up, as pointed out by Ganter et al [217]. It did not repair the structural defect, nor did it remove contamination such as copper, which may plate on the positive electrode during cell over-discharge [71]. A pulsating voltage method for relithiation was developed by Zhu et al [220].…”

Section: Direct Recycling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical composition of some spent cathodic materials is presented in Table 5. The presence of Cu and Al in the black mass could be attributed to either pieces of current collectors that were entrained in the sample during the preparation of the black mass or the metal plating on the cathode surface owing to the redox processes that could have occurred at both electrodes during over-discharging [71]. Table 5.…”

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confidence: 99%

Progress and Status of Hydrometallurgical and Direct Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond

et al. 2020

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An exponential market growth of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) has been observed in the past 20 years; approximately 670,000 tons of LIBs have been sold in 2017 alone. This trend will continue owing to the growing interest of consumers for electric vehicles, recent engagement of car manufacturers to produce them, recent developments in energy storage facilities, and commitment of governments for the electrification of transportation. Although some limited recycling processes were developed earlier after the commercialization of LIBs, these are inadequate in the context of sustainable development. Therefore, significant efforts have been made to replace the commonly employed pyrometallurgical recycling method with a less detrimental approach, such as hydrometallurgical, in particular sulfate-based leaching, or direct recycling. Sulfate-based leaching is the only large-scale hydrometallurgical method currently used for recycling LIBs and serves as baseline for several pilot or demonstration projects currently under development. Conversely, most project and processes focus only on the recovery of Ni, Co, Mn, and less Li, and are wasting the iron phosphate originating from lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. Although this battery type does not dominate the LIB market, its presence in the waste stream of LIBs causes some technical concerns that affect the profitability of current recycling processes. This review explores the current processes and alternative solutions to pyrometallurgy, including novel selective leaching processes or direct recycling approaches.

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“…In this concern, recharge time is a key factor, which will depend on the SOC, SOH, and DOD of the battery. Table 5 shows the typical time spent at berth of different ship types as a reference [55,56].…”

Section: Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for Zero-Emissions Ship

Reusser

Osses

2021

JMSE

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Due to the increasing impact of ship emissions on the environment and the preventive measures of current regulations introduced by the International Maritime Organization to significantly reduce them, the development of ocean-going all-electric ships has been addressed as a concept applied to achieve it. Being a promising technology considers the use of technology alternatives such as fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors together with the use of zero-carbon alternative fuels such as hydrogen (H2) and ammonia (NH3) as main energy sources. This article addresses a state-of-the-art on several challenges related to the ocean-going zero-emissions ship to achieve a zero-emissions shipping, based on the technology associated with hybrid and all-electric ship, and the zero-carbon fuels alternatives. In this respect, a transition from fossil fuel-based propulsion and auxiliary systems to a zero-emissions ship concept are related to the challenges to overcome the needs of energy density for these new alternatives energy sources compared to current fossil fuel options. The transitional process should consider a first step of hybridization of the propulsion and auxiliary systems of existing ships to get a baseline from where to move forward to a zero-emissions configuration for new designs.

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Research on Overcharge and Overdischarge Effect on Lithium-Ion Batteries

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Fault mechanism study on Li‐ion battery at over‐discharge and its diagnosis approach

Fault mechanism study on Li‐ion battery at over‐discharge and its diagnosis approach

Progress and Status of Hydrometallurgical and Direct Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond

Challenges for Zero-Emissions Ship

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