Research on Flashover Prediction Method of Large-Space Timber Structures in a Fire

Abstract

Due to the flammability of materials and the vastness of space, flashover fires of large-space timber structures pose a huge threat to lives as well as the structures themselves. Therefore, it is necessary to study the critical conditions, control factors and prediction methods of flashover fires. To address this issue, hundreds of design conditions were simulated by Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) with variations in space size, the heat release rate (HRR) of fire source and fire growth type. A temperature–time model of the maximum temperature of the smoke layer near the ceiling (Tmax) was established, and the critical condition that uses this model to predict the occurrence of flashover was determined. Furthermore, a mathematical formula was established that can accurately predict the flashover induction time when the Tmax exceeds 400 °C. This research can provide a reference for the performance-based fire safety design of large-space timber structures.

The influence of attics space geometrical shape on ignition and flashover stages in residential building fires in dense settlements

“…Moreover, previous research also shows that the commonly used wood materials is a safety challenge for building design, especially for fire prediction and control (Y. Zhang and Wang 2021). In order to mimic the empirical condition and gain a more accurate result, this model is made using wood material.…”

Contemporary Fire Safety Engineering in Timber Structures: Challenges and Solutions

“…Before using the FDS model to simulate the flashover of the large-space timber structure, the accuracy and reliability were further verified using experimental data obtained from three large-space fire experiments conducted by Shi et al [109]. Zhang et al also employed the FDS for simulations, considering various spatial dimensions, heat release rates from fire sources, and types of fire growth scenarios [17], as shown in Figure 4. Harnessing the data from timber structures facilitates the development of these simulation models [22].…”

“…This approach ensures a comprehensive framework for fire prevention, detection, and rapid extinguishment [15,16]. In technological advancements, early fire risk evaluation and predictive analysis are becoming increasingly significant in developing modern fire safety protocols [17][18][19][20][21]. The incorporation of advanced sensor technologies, applying data analytics for predictive fire modeling, and the enhancement of emergency response strategies are new paths to reinforce fire safety in timber construction [22][23][24][25].…”

Experimental and Numerical Study on Progressive Collapse Analysis of a Glulam Frame Structure: I. Side Column Exposed to Fire

“…However, there are many cases of fire induced progressive collapse in buildings, resulting in great losses. Due to the thermally degradability and combustibility of wood, the cross section and the bearing capacity of the timber components decrease seriously under fire conditions [1][2][3][4][5], leading to the collapse ultimately.…”