Research on Explosive Hardening of Titanium Grade 2

Abstract

In this investigation, three different explosive materials have been used to improve the properties of titanium grade 2: ammonal, emulsion explosives, and plastic-bonded explosives. In order to establish the influence of explosive hardening on the properties of the treated alloys, tests were conducted, including microhardness testing, microstructure analysis, and tensile and corrosion tests. It has been found that it is possible to achieve a 40% increase in tensile strength using a plastic explosive (PBX) as an explosive material. On the other hand, the impact of the shock wave slightly decreased the corrosion resistance of titanium grade 2. The change in corrosion rate is less than 0.1µm/year, which does not significantly affect the overall corrosion resistance of the material. The reduction in corrosion resistance is probably due to the surface geometry changes as a result of explosive treatment.

A Comprehensive Study of a Novel Explosively Hardened Pure Titanium Alloy for Medical Applications

“…Titanium sheets of CP-Ti grade 2 (Wolften, Wrocław, Poland) were strengthened using the explosive method, which generated an optimal shock wave, and was described in the previous paper [19]. Briefly, the wave interacts directly with the tested material.…”

“…This technique allows materials with unique properties to be obtained, possessing both strength and resistance to corrosion. For example, explosion-hardened steel indicates the unique properties of nanomaterials, non-equilibrium and multi-layer materials [18,19]. It is worth emphasizing that the mechanism of the deformation process with an explosion and the method of the formation of complex structures has not been fully explained, and the results obtained so far are the subject of numerous discussions.…”

“…Unique properties result from the deformation process's speed, the significant speed of phase transformations and the rapid movement of dislocations in the material. Due to deformation, martensitic transformation might be generated, as in the case of other metals [19,20]. Under high pressure, the α phase in hexagonal close-packed (HCP) titanium transforms into the ω phase (simple hexagonal structure) [20].…”

Structure and Wear Performance of a Titanium Alloy by Using Low-Temperature Plasma Oxy-Nitriding

“…Metals, including many kinds of composites, are greatly popular in modern industry [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Among them, titanium and its alloys are widely used in aircraft, aerospace, and marine equipment due to their light weight, high specific strength, and excellent corrosion resistance [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”