Research on Explosion Characteristics of Prefabricated Cabin type Li-ion Battery Energy Storage

Abstract

Lithium iron phosphate batteries have become the main choice for energy storage units in electrochemical energy storage due to their high safety, excellent electrochemical performance, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness. However, lithium-ion batteries inherently have safety risks. The thermal runaway of a single battery in a closed space may cause a chain reaction of surrounding batteries, and may ignite the generated combustible gas, causing serious explosion accidents. In this paper, the explosion characteristics under different initiation points of pressure relief plates are studied. The results show that the peak overpressure variation range of different detonation points in the prefabricated chamber is 1∼1.6 times the hatch opening pressure, where the peak overpressure of the detonation at the near end of the hatch is lower than that of the detonation at the distal end, reflecting the role of the detonation when the explosion energy is released to the outside of the chamber earlier. The above study can provide a reference basis for the safe operation of prefabricated cabin type energy storage power plant and the promotion of its application.