Research on Electromagnetic Radiation Characteristics of Energetic Materials

Abstract

During the explosion of energetic materials, electromagnetic interference is generated, which can affect the normal operation of surrounding electronic equipment. Therefore, an electromagnetic radiation measurement device based on a short-wave omnidirectional antenna and ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna was designed to measure the electromagnetic radiation generated by the explosion of energetic materials of different masses, and the electromagnetic radiation characteristics were obtained through data processing. The results showed that the electromagnetic signal can still be collected hundreds of milliseconds after the explosive is detonated, and the electromagnetic radiation generated by the explosion is continuous and intermittent, which is a phenomenon that has not been found in this field at present. The mass of the energetic material had a significant effect on the time-domain characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation generated by the explosion: the higher the mass of the energetic material was, the shorter the delay response of the electromagnetic signal was, the longer the duration was, and the earlier the peak appeared. The frequency of electromagnetic radiation signals generated by the explosion of energetic materials was mainly concentrated below 100 MHz, and the energy was most concentrated in the frequency band of 0~50 MHz. The composition of energetic materials had the greatest influence on the spectral distribution, and the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation produced by the explosion of explosives with different compositions had obvious specificity. The electromagnetic radiation intensity generated by the explosion of energetic materials had a strong correlation with the distance from the explosion center, and it significantly decreased as the distance increased. The structure and detonation method of energetic materials changed the geometrical motion pattern during the explosion, resulting in the non-uniformity of electromagnetic radiation propagation.

Characteristics and variation laws of electromagnetic radiation generated during explosion

“…Based on the literature, the electromagnetic radiation frequency of explosive explosions is typically below 400 MHz, and the electromagnetic radiation frequency of different types of explosives exhibits clear specificity [22]. However, previous studies regarding the frequency‐domain characteristics of explosion electromagnetic radiation mainly focuses on explosive explosion tests, whereas a comparative analysis of the frequency‐domain characteristics of electromagnetic radiation from warheads and explosives is not considered.…”

“…Meanwhile, 316 ms after the explosion, the spectral distribution appeared only in the 0-20 MHz range, and no significant distribution was indicated in the other frequency bands. In addition, the spectral distributions of the explosion electromagnetic radiation in different directions differed significantly, thus indicating the uniform propagation of explosion electromagnetic waves [22][23][24][25].…”

Measurement method for electromagnetic radiation generated during a high-capacity warhead explosion

“…The peak vibration velocity v m can be obtained from the seismic wave measurement data in the explosive field and the damage power parameters simulated by the vibration table. Then, the interference distance d sei between the seismic wave and the electromagnetic signal can be obtained from equation (2). Because of the regularity of seismic wave attenuation in the explosive field as the distance increases, it is not necessary to protect the measuring instrument from seismic waves when the distance from the explosion electromagnetic radiation measurement point to the explosion center exceeds d sei .…”

“…fragment damage elements, which can directly cause damage to the target object. At the same time, the use of electronic equipment in the early war was not widespread; therefore, the damage effect of warhead explosion electromagnetic radiation has not received attention [1,2]. Today, the world's military powers have basically completed the transformation from mechanization to electronic informatization, and this transformation is almost entirely achieved through the technical participation of electrical technology and microelectronic integrated circuits [3].…”

Analysis method of explosive electromagnetic radiation energy

“…When the fragments fall into highly conductive hot air, the conductive area of the explosion loses charge, and the resulting dipole moment and electric field intensity decrease until the electromagnetic effect of the explosion disappears. This is the first explanation of the physical mechanism and complete process of electromagnetic radiation generated by an explosion [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. At present, the generation mechanism of explosive electromagnetic radiation can be described as follows.…”