Research on dynamical behavior of virtual anode in hollow cathode discharge

Jia, Zhang; Liu, Xiaotao; Zhang, Qiaogen

doi:10.1063/1.4983326

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Apparently, the potential change in the virtual anode region is relatively small. According to the simulation results, it can be found that the discharge process in the simulation is in accordance with the conclusions of other researchers, [17,19,22] which proves the effectiveness of the simulation.…”

Section: Results and Analysessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The beam current is also a function of cathode aperture size. [19,20] The larger the cathode aperture, the easier the virtual anode in the cathode cavity forms, and the more likely the electrons emit from the cathode cavity. However, the simulation results show that the difference in cathode aperture size has little effect on the axial velocity distribution of the electron beam.…”

Section: Comparison Among Velocity Distributions Of Ps-sourced Electr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13][14][15][16] Numerical simulation was also a feasible method with the help of particle in cell (PIC) and Monte Carlo collision (MCC) methods. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Some researchers studied the discharge mechanism by simulating the PS discharge, [17][18][19][20] and others investigated the influences of various operating conditions on the discharge current. [20][21][22] However, the electron beam produced by the PS-sourced may have a relatively large velocity spread due to the collisions of electrons with other particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma simulation to analyze velocity distribution characteristics of pseudospark-sourced electron beam*

Li¹,

Hu²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Chinese Phys. B

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Pseudospark-sourced electron beam is a promising candidate for driving vacuum electronic devices to generate millimeter wave and terahertz wave radiation as it has a very high combined beam current density. However, the inherent velocity spread of the beam, which is difficult to measure in experiment, has a great influence on the operating frequency and efficiency of the vacuum electronic device. In this paper, the velocity distribution characteristics of the electron beam produced by a single-gap hollow cathode electron gun are numerically studied and a three-dimensional kinetic plasma simulation model of a single-gap hollow cathode electron gun is built by using particle in cell and Monte Carlo collision methods in Vorpal. Based on the simulation model, the time-dependent evolution of the plasma formation inside the hollow cathode and electron beam generation process are observed. It is demonstrated that the pseudospark-sourced electron beam has a relatively large velocity spread. The time-dependent velocity distribution of the beam is analyzed, and the dependence of the beam velocity distribution under various operating conditions such as anode–cathode potential difference, gas pressure, and cathode aperture size are also studied.

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Section: Results and Analysessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Comparison Among Velocity Distributions Of Ps-sourced Electr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plasma simulation to analyze velocity distribution characteristics of pseudospark-sourced electron beam*

Li¹,

Hu²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Chinese Phys. B

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show abstract

“…Interpretation of the processes in the stage of the delay time to breakdown have been carried out in numerous papers [2,12,14,[64][65][66][67][68][69]. The physical model for the low-pressure discharge formation at the prebreakdown stage has been proposed and developed in [2,12,14].…”

Section: Discharge Development At the Stage Of Delay Time To Breakdownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-pressure discharges with hollow cathode and hollow anode and their applications

Korolev¹,

Koval²

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The review relates to low-pressure discharges with a hollow cathode and a hollow anode. The term ‘low pressure’ implies that a neutral particle density is extremely small and the electron free path for ionization is in excess of the characteristic size for the discharge gap. On the other hand, the neutral particles still play an essential role in forming the gas-discharge plasma. Thus, the discharge regimes keep an intermediate position between the classical low-pressure discharge with avalanche ionization and pure vacuum discharge that burns in the cathode metal vapor. New approaches to the interpretation of the discharge formation mechanism at the stage of delay time to breakdown, and for the discharge sustaining features at the later temporal stages, are discussed. The developed approaches offer the possibility of interpreting the discharge behavior in the systems to obtain a uniform plasma in a large volume of the cathode or anode cavity, in the sources of electron and ion beams based on the plasma cathode and in the high-current pseudospark switches.

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“…9,10,[24][25][26][27] Since the 1990s, the hybrid model was developed for the two dimensional simulation on the hollow cathode discharges; Donko and Bogaerts et al carried out the two-dimensional hybrid simulation on the rectangular hollow cathode discharge as well as the segmented cylindrical hollow cathode discharges. [28][29][30][31] In more recent years, the numerical simulations, including the fluid model, 32-34 the particle-in-cell/ Monte-Carlo model, [35][36][37] the global (volume-averaged) model, 38,39 as well as the analytical model, 40 were developed with growing interests for the hollow cathode discharges in various regimes. Among these models, the fluid model is a fast and less computationally expensive way to provide a reasonable insight into the qualitative trends for the hollow cathode discharges in many occasions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure effect on a tandem hollow cathode discharge in argon

Verboncoeur

Christlieb

2017

Physics of Plasmas

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The tandem hollow cathode discharge, formulated by arranging two discharges in series, is an important method used to increase the irradiance of a hollow cathode discharge. In this paper, based on a two-dimensional fluid model we studied a five-layer tandem hollow cathode discharge, with three hollow electrodes stacked together and separated by the insulators to obtain the configuration of anode/insulator/cathode/insulator/anode from the top to the bottom. In the model, the thickness of both electrodes and insulators is set at 1 cm and the diameter of the hollow cavity is 2 cm. The pressure effect on the discharge properties is investigated with gas pressure ranges from 100 Pa to 5 kPa. The gap voltage first decreases, reaching a minimum sustaining voltage at 1 kPa, and then increases. Based on the two-dimensional electron density distributions, the discharges parameters (including the electron density, ion density, electric potential, and electric field) of one integrated hollow cathode discharge at 1 kPa and two relatively independent discharges at 100 Pa and 4 kPa are presented, respectively. The results indicate that the paralleled hollow cathode discharges can be manipulated into one integrated discharge with a higher plasma density by the monotonous control of gas pressure.

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Research on dynamical behavior of virtual anode in hollow cathode discharge

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Plasma simulation to analyze velocity distribution characteristics of pseudospark-sourced electron beam*

Plasma simulation to analyze velocity distribution characteristics of pseudospark-sourced electron beam*

Low-pressure discharges with hollow cathode and hollow anode and their applications

Pressure effect on a tandem hollow cathode discharge in argon

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