Research on air suspension with novel dampers based on glowworm swarm optimization proportional–integral–derivative algorithm

Abstract

In order to enhance automotive ride performance, permanent magnets and magnetic valves were introduced in magnetorheological dampers and hence permanent magnets and magnetic valves introduced in magnetorheological damper’s air suspension was studied. First, on the basic principle of providing magnetic field by permanent magnets and adjusting damping force by magnetic valves, a novel permanent magnets and magnetic valves introduced in magnetorheological damper was designed. On the basis of equivalent surface current model, magnetic induction intensity activated by permanent magnets in damping channel was calculated, and damping force model was built based on hydromechanics theory. Damping force–displacement experiments and damping force–velocity experiments were carried out, and the theoretical model of permanent magnets and magnetic valves introduced in magnetorheological damper was verified. Then, physical and mathematical models of 4 degree-of-freedom permanent magnets and magnetic valves introduced in magnetorheological damper air suspension model were built. In order to enhance the controlling effects of the studied air suspension, optional moving operation, moving variation operation and operation of step size changing with fluorescein proportionality were introduced into glowworm swarm optimization algorithm, and glowworm swarm optimization proportional–integral–derivative controlling algorithm was designed. Finally, three experiments with input of impact road surface, sine wave road surface, and white noise road surface were carried out, and the experimental results verified that the working performance of permanent magnets and magnetic valves introduced in magnetorheological damper air suspension based on glowworm swarm optimization proportional–integral–derivative controlling algorithm was good.

Improvement of ride quality for patient lying in ambulance with a new hydro-pneumatic suspension

“…Integrated equations for ambulance with PR-IHPS Based on equations (1), (8), and (10), the integrated equations can be written as…”

“…4 In order to attenuate these vibrations for lying patients, studies have focused on the suspension system of stretcher and the suspension system of vehicle body. [5][6][7][8] So far, a limited number of studies have been carried out for the suspension system of stretcher, involving passive, semi-active, and active techniques. For instance, Yang and colleagues [9][10][11] presented a nonlinear vibration reduction stretcher system for tracked ambulance.…”

A Novel Sliding Mode Control Algorithm for an Active Suspension System Considering with the Hydraulic Actuator

“…This causes the extremely small iron particles to arrange tightly. Since then, the damping's stiffness has changed (Xiao et al, 2018). Besides changing the stiffness of the spring and damper, the idea of integrating a hydraulic actuator into the suspension was also proposed.…”

Advance the stability of the vehicle by using the pneumatic suspension system integrated with the hydraulic actuator

“…In addition, a nonlinear dynamic model of pneumatic spring with damper has also been introduced by Zhu et al [11]. Similarly, the pneumatic suspension model used novel damper has also been proposed by Xiao et al They have come up with an optimal control algorithm PID for the system [12].…”