2015
DOI: 10.3390/toxins7041018
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Research on Acute Toxicity and the Behavioral Effects of Methanolic Extract from Psilocybin Mushrooms and Psilocin in Mice

Abstract: The pharmacological activities and acute toxicity of the psilocin (PC) and dried residues of the crude extracts of psychotropic mushrooms were investigated in mice. The hallucinogenic substances were effectively isolated, by using methanol, from the species of Psilocybe semilanceata and Pholiotina cyanopus, that were collected in the north-east region of Poland. The chemical analysis of these extracts, which was performed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS), indicated the presence… Show more

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Cited by 39 publications
(36 citation statements)
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“…These data, along with alkaloid production that is triggered in the fungus upon formation of the ephemeral fruiting bodies, [31] suggest that nematodes are not psilocybin's primary target. In addition, toxicity of psilocybin in mammals is near negligible in terms of acute physiological damage, with a LD 50 /ED 50 ratio >1000 in mice [32] . Regarding any potential antiinsect activity, a preprint article describes that only a single individual of Sciaridae sp.…”
Section: L‐tryptophan‐derived Natural Products In Psilocybe Speciesmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…These data, along with alkaloid production that is triggered in the fungus upon formation of the ephemeral fruiting bodies, [31] suggest that nematodes are not psilocybin's primary target. In addition, toxicity of psilocybin in mammals is near negligible in terms of acute physiological damage, with a LD 50 /ED 50 ratio >1000 in mice [32] . Regarding any potential antiinsect activity, a preprint article describes that only a single individual of Sciaridae sp.…”
Section: L‐tryptophan‐derived Natural Products In Psilocybe Speciesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, toxicity of psilocybin in mammals is near negligible in terms of acute physiological damage, with a LD 50 /ED 50 ratio > 1000 in mice. [32] Regarding any potential antiinsect activity, a preprint article describes that only a single individual of Sciaridae sp. (dark winged fungus gnat) completed the entire developmental cycle (i. e., egg to adult) feeding solely on P. cyanescens.…”
Section: Psilocybin's Potential Ecological Rolementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Psychoactive mushrooms have been used as entheogens during transcendental ceremonies by Mexican inhabitants, mainly by shamans, for thousands of years. Mushrooms used for religious and spiritual rituals are called “magic mushrooms.” 1–3 There are many mushroom species that contain high levels of psychotropic tryptamines, including the genera Pluteus , Panaeolus , Inocybe , Gymnopilus , Galerina , Pholiotina , and especially Psilocybe 4–7 . In the 1950s, these magic mushrooms were introduced to Europe thanks to Gordon Wasson, who brought them from Mexico from the shaman Maria Sabina of the Mazatec tribe 8,9 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The clinical effects observed for extracts of 'magic mushrooms' differ from those observed for pure psilocybin (Zhuk, et al 2015). This indicates that the minor components of 'magic mushrooms' have psychoactive properties that are important, or that they work in conjunction with psilocybin as part of an entourage effect (Russo, 2011).…”
Section: Chemical Contextmentioning
confidence: 95%