Research of the adaptive response induced by low-dose radiation: where have                 we been and where should we go?

Cai, Lu

doi:10.1191/096032799678840291

Cited by 75 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(57 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They showed that the frequency of chromosomal aberrations after irradiation with X-rays was less than expected when the cells were preexposed to [ 3 H]thymidine (1). Subsequently, several other reports, using a range of human and mammalian cells, have confirmed these findings (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Although the mechanisms responsible for the radioadaptive response are still not fully understood, several key findings have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Nitric Oxide Radicals Choreograph a Radioadaptive Response

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The reduced biological effects of radiation exposure seen in cells after conditioning exposures to a low dose or at a lowdose rate (i.e., the acquisition of resistance against high-dose radiation) is called the ''radioadaptive response'' and many studies concerning this phenomenon have been reported since the 1980s. Radioadaptive responses have been observed using various end points, such as chromosomal aberrations, mutations, and clonogenic survival. However, the mechanisms of the radioadaptive response are not fully known. Here, we show that radiation-induced nitric oxide (NO) radicals contribute to the induction of radioresistance as determined by cell survival after a subsequent high-dose exposure. An accumulation of inducible NO synthase was produced, and the concentration of nitrite in the culture medium increased when cells were exposed to ;-rays at a low-dose rate or to X-rays for a low dose followed by an acute high-dose X-irradiation. In addition, the induction of radioresistance was not observed in the presence of an inhibitor of inducible NO synthase or a scavenger of NO radicals. Moreover, radioresistance was observed when cultures were treated with a NO radicalgenerating agent. These findings suggest that NO radicals are an initiator of the radioadaptive response. [Cancer Res 2007;67(18):8574-9]

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Nitric Oxide Radicals Choreograph a Radioadaptive Response

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In that study the inhibitory effect was expressed when tumor cells were inoculated either a few hours before or after the exposure. Likewise, Ju et al (1995) and Cai (1999) who irradiated mice with single doses of X-rays ranging from 0.05 to 0.15 Gy 24 hours before the intravenous (i.v.) injection of B16 melanoma or Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells reported a significant retardation of the development of pulmonary tumor nodules.…”

Section: Anti-tumor Properties Of the Low-level Low-let Irradiationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent evidence has demonstrated that in animals exposed to single or fractionated low total doses of X-or γ-rays the growth of primary and/or metastatic tumors is inhibited or retarded (Hosoi and Sakamoto 1993, Ishii et al 1996, Caratero et al 1998, Cai 1999, Hashimoto et al E. M. Nowosielska and others 1999, Mitchel et al 1999, Wang and Cai 2000, Sakai et al 2003, Ina and Sakai 2004, for review see: Ju et al 1995, Liu 2004. In many of these investigations, anti-tumor properties of the low-level exposures were detected when whole animals were irradiated prior to inoculation of neoplastic cells, indicating that the immune surveillance mechanisms might be involved (Hashimoto et al 1999, for review see: Safwat 2000a.…”

Section: Anti-tumor Properties Of the Low-level Low-let Irradiationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Mechanism of the Low-Dose Radiation-Induced Suppression of Cancer Metastases in a Mouse Model

Nowosielska¹,

Cheda²,

Wrembel-Wargocka³

et al. 2009

Dose-Response

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ᮀ According to the doctrine underlying the current radiation protection regulations each, no matter how small, exposure to ionizing radiation may be carcinogenic. However, numerous epidemiological observations demonstrate that cancer incidence and/or mortality are not elevated among inhabitants of the high-versus low-natural-background radiation areas and homes. Results of our own and other authors' studies described in this paper bear testimony to the possibility that stimulation of the anti-neoplastic immune surveillance mediated by NK lymphocytes and activated macrophages explains, at least partially, the accumulating epidemiological and experimental evidence indicating that lowlevel exposures to the low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation inhibit the development of spontaneous and artificial metastases in humans and laboratory animals, respectively. The results presented also suggest the possibility of using low-level X-and gamma-ray exposures to cure cancer and to prevent cancer metastases. For a broader perspective, the results presented may help towards relaxing the current radiation protection regulations, especially as they apply to diagnostic and therapeutic exposures of patients to the indicated forms of radiation.

show abstract

“…Numerous experimental reports indicate that low-level exposures to low-LET ionizing radiation can retard the development of neoplasms in laboratory animals (Cai 1999, Caratero et al 1998, Cheda et al 2004b, Hashimoto et al 1999, Hosoi and Sakamoto 1993, Ina et al 2005, Ishii et al 1996, Ju et al 1995, Liu 2007, Mitchel et al 1999, Nowosielska et al 2006b, 2011a. In these studies the animals were inoculated with tumor cells and the observed tumor-inhibitory effects of the exposures were generally detectable when whole bodies of the subjects were irradiated before the inoculations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Low Doses of Low-Let Radiation on the Innate Anti-Tumor Reactions in Radioresistant and Radiosensitive Mice

Nowosielska¹,

Cheda²,

Wrembel-Wargocka³

et al. 2012

Dose-Response

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ᮀ BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice differ in their Th1/Th2 lymphocyte and M1/M2 macrophage phenotypes, radiosensitivity, and post-irradiation tumor incidence. In this study we evaluated the effects of repeated low-level exposures to X-rays on the development of artificial tumor colonies in the lungs of animals from the two strains and cytotoxic activities of natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages obtained from these mice. After ten daily irradiations of BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice with 0.01, 0.02, and 0.1 Gy X-rays NK cell-enriched splenocytes collected from the animals demonstrated significant and comparable up-regulation of their anti-tumor cytotoxic function. Likewise, peritoneal macrophages collected from the two irradiated strains of mice exhibited the similarly stimulated cytotoxicities against susceptible tumor cells and produced significantly more nitric oxide. These results were accompanied by the significantly reduced numbers of the neoplastic colonies induced in the lungs by intravenous injection of syngeneic tumor cells. The obtained results indicate that ten low-level irradiations with X-rays stimulate the generally similar anti-tumor reactions in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice.

show abstract

Research of the adaptive response induced by low-dose radiation: where have we been and where should we go?

Cited by 75 publications

References 44 publications

Nitric Oxide Radicals Choreograph a Radioadaptive Response

Nitric Oxide Radicals Choreograph a Radioadaptive Response

Immunological Mechanism of the Low-Dose Radiation-Induced Suppression of Cancer Metastases in a Mouse Model

Effect of Low Doses of Low-Let Radiation on the Innate Anti-Tumor Reactions in Radioresistant and Radiosensitive Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About