Research of techniques of microclimate improvement in poultry houses

Abstract

Creating an optimal microclimate in poultry houses is an important condition for implementing the genetic potential of poultry productivity and minimizing the specific costs of material and technical resources. Such microclimate parameters as the content of harmful gases in the air of the poultry houses and its microbial contamination have a significant impact not only on the survival and productive parameters of the poultry, but also on the health of the staff, and the ventilation emissions from the poultry houses - on the environment. Therefore, the development of techniques and technological methods aimed at reducing the content of these ‘harmful factors’ in the air of the poultry houses is of paramount importance for modern poultry farming. The first experiments were carried out in two similar industrial poultry houses for egg laying hens, 18×96 m in size. Hens were kept in 4-tier Hellmann cage batteries with a belt removal system and integrated air ducts. The capacity of each poultry house was 47,280 laying hens. The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of the device for the neutralization of microorganisms in the air of the poultry house and its mode of operation on the microbial contamination of the air of the poultry house and the productive parameters of the poultry. The poultry of the Lohmann Brown crossbreed was used. The next experiment was carried out in the same poultry houses as in the previous one. The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of the application of the method of purifying the air of the poultry house from the ammonia in the scrubber on the contents of this gas in the air of the poultry house and the productive parameters of the poultry. The poultry of the Lohmann Brown crossbreed was used in the experiments. It was established that at application of a bactericidal device with 24 bactericidal tubes TUV-75 caused a decrease of microbial contamination of the air, which positively influenced the survival and productive parameters of the poultry. After 210 days of the productive period, the poultry’s survival in the experimental poultry house was higher by 0.8%; 1.3 pcs. of eggs more per one egg laying hen were obtained in this poultry house; and the egg mass was higher by 0.7 g than in the control poultry house. With the hens from the experimental poultry house, a greater bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum was observed than with the ones from the control poultry house at the age of 30 and 47 weeks. Some advantage of the poultry from the experimental poultry house was determined by the absolute mass of individual internal organs, but this advantage was not statistically probable. It was proved that in the cold season, the scrubber provided a decrease in the ammonia content in the air (when comparing the air before and after the scrubber) by 3.2-2.2 times, in the poultry house (when compared with the control) - by 2.1-1.5 times. It was established that in the experimental poultry house the poultry’s survival was greater by 0.7%, 1.6 pcs. or by 1.0% eggs more per one egg laying hen were obtained and egg mass was higher by 212 g, or by 2.1% than in the control poultry house.

Effect on the bactericidal device for decontamination the air microorganisms in poultry house on the content of toxic gases

“…Increased microbial contamination of poultry houses and toxic gas content contributes to high bacterial contamination not only of the birds' organisms but also of poultry production, which reduces its quality and can cause disease in humans (including colibacteriosis and salmonellosis) (Paliy et al, 2018c;Tan et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2015). Som eauthors (Broucek & Bohuslav, 2015;Palii et al, 2019;Potter et al, 2012) developed a number of techniques aimed at reducing the microbial contamination of air in the poultry houses and harmful gases content in the air. However, these techniques mainly concern keeping the poultry on the litter bedding.…”

Efficiency of Various Reagents on Ammonia Reduction in Litter Removal From Belt Conveyors for Battery Cages

“…Beginning from the poultry house, litter becomes a source of unpleasant odours, toxic gases emission (ammonia, hydrogen sulphide) and a favourable environment for the development of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, in order to protect human and poultry health, protect the environment, obtain high quality raw materials for processing into organic or organic-mineral fertilizers, it is necessary to develop the measures aimed at minimizing the negative impact of litter on the microclimate of the poultry (Palii et al, 2019). The high humidity of the litter causes the accelerated development of the anaerobic process, the conversion of nitrogen compounds into ammonia.…”

Testing of domestic disinfectants in veterinary medicine

“…Unfortunately, in veterinary and medical practice, some chemical disinfectants have a detrimental effect not only on pathogenic, but also beneficial microflora, which are normally always in the air and are less resistant than pathogenic ones. Therefore, substances with a wide spectrum of action are selected for disinfection so that ISSN 2411-0388 (online) 2411-3174 (print) 31 they have a minimum amount to obtain a positive effect, and they quickly decompose in the environment (Maertens et al, 2018;Jiang et al, 2018;Palii et al, 2019).…”