Research of Modern Technologies for the Restoration of Structural Elements of Mining Pumps: Advantages and Disadvantages, Promising Technologies

Abstract

The scientific article is devoted to the study of modern technologies for restoring the internal surfaces of critical parts of the structural elements of oil and gas pumps. By the method of critical analysis of defects, it was found that paraffin deposits and mechanical impurities are in the list of the main complicating factors leading to abrasive wear of the working surface of the parts being contacted. Asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits together with mechanical impurities are distributed unevenly, for example, along the diameter of the cylinder of the injection column, narrowing the passage section of the rod in different stroke length intervals. This phenomenon causes the rod to deviate from the design axis of the trajectory of movement and forms sections of the cylinder working under shock loads with maximum wear. Therefore, it is necessary to restore the degraded surface in places where maximum dynamic loads are applied. The patent search method and the evaluation of the claims allowed us to establish that the generally accepted methods of restoring internal surfaces are reduced to nitriding and chrome plating. Due to known technological shortcomings, these methods are limited in application, and it is impossible to restore the phase structure by these methods. To solve the technological problem of restoring the structure and modifying the inner surface of a small cylinder diameter, it is proposed to apply a coating with a ceramic protective layer based on nickel alloys of the carbide class, which has high hardness and inert properties. To restore the surface of worn parts in conditions of a limited coordinate space of long-dimensional elements of the RDP structure (pump and compressor pipes, a pair of cylinder-plunger and others), the authors propose a promising laser spraying.