In view of the problems existing in the current electronic mine pressure monitoring equipment, such as distorted interference data, many transmission cables, short power supply distance and so on, the optical fiber mine pressure monitoring equipment has the problems of small capacity, high cost, monitoring blind areas and so on. Through the research of key technologies such as distributed grating array stress sensing technology, distributed grating array sensing multiplexing and network technology, distributed grating array sensing demodulation technology, combined with the mine pressure theory, optical fiber communication technology and computer technology, the project develops the grating array stress sensing device and grating array sensing demodulation substation suitable for the requirements of coal and rock stress measurement. Combined with the monitoring and early warning platform software, a real-time, remote and online distributed grating array stress monitoring system is formed.