Research of accommodative microfluctuations caused by visual fatigue based on liquid crystal and laser displays

Jeng, Wei De; Ouyang, Yuan; Huang, Ting Wei; Duann, Jeng Ren; Chiou, Jin Chern; Tang, Yu Shun; Ou-Yang, Mang

doi:10.1364/ao.53.000h76

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies have explored the question of whether the magnitudes of the MFs or their components change as a result of asthenopia following extensive periods of near work . It appears that any increase in HFC may be helpful in identifying individuals with asthenopia, or display media with unsatisfactory characteristics.…”

Section: Later Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluctuations in accommodation: an update on their characteristics and possible role

Charman

Heron

2015

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Following the recognition, some 80 years ago, that the accommodation of the eye is not stable but fluctuates over a range of about AE0.5 D, mainly at frequencies of up to a few Hz, there has been a continuing interest in the characteristics of these microfluctuations (MFs) and their possible role in the control of accommodation. This paper reviews relevant work carried out since 1988, when we previously reviewed the same topic (Charman WN, Heron G. Fluctuations in accommodation: a review. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1988; 8: 153-164). Recent findings: Studies relating to the effects on the MFs of stimulus form, luminance and vergence are described, together with those of pupil diameter, age and ametropia. Important advances in the understanding of the links between the characteristics of the MFs and those of the cardiopulmonary system, higher-order aberrations and ocular depth-of-focus are outlined. Only limited progress has been made in understanding the role of MFs in accommodation control. Summary: While the dependence of the characteristics of the MFs in relation to observing conditions is now reasonably well understood, their involvement in accommodation control still needs clarification. The current consensus appears to be that any role is more likely to be concerned with maintaining an appropriate response, rather than in initiating responses to abrupt changes in stimulus vergence. Fluctuations at lower temporal frequencies (<0.6 Hz) are probably important to the control process, which may make use of the associated changes in the contrast and spatial frequency spectrum of the retinal image.

show abstract

Section: Later Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluctuations in accommodation: an update on their characteristics and possible role

Charman

Heron

2015

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The symptoms induced by viewing stereoscopic images, if any, are mostly within the range of severe discomfort or visual fatigue [1]. The assessment method of visual fatigue is becoming a hot topic in the field of display quality evaluation [2], to solve such problems, it is necessary to find a suitable indicator for evaluating the effect of stereoscopic displays on human vision. 3D visual fatigue has already been studied using questionnaires, CFF and ACC in [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG-Based Assessment of Stereoscopic 3D Visual Fatigue Caused by Vergence-Accommodation Conflict

Zou

Liu

Guo

et al. 2015

J. Display Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent advances in 3D displays have contributed to the pressing need of new measurement methods for display comfort. Developing a valid measurement of visual fatigue caused by 3D display remains a big challenge and is beneficial for optimizing the system design. This paper assessed three electroencephalography (EEG) activities, θ, α and β, during a monotonous and repetitive random dot stereogram (RDS) based task in a conventional stereoscopic 3D display. Six types of ratio indices were computed based on EEG data and assessed as possible indicators for stereoscopic visual fatigue detection. The results of critical flicker frequency (CFF) and accommodative amplitude (ACC) showed that the proposed experiment setup can induce visual fatigue. According to the subjective ratings, the visual fatigue accumulated in this task was mostly related to the binocular vision stress of 3D display. Results of EEG data showed stable θ activity, a significant increase of α activity, and a significant decrease of β activity over time (p<0.05). In addition, the effectiveness of EEG indices was evaluated to measure stereoscopic visual fatigue by using grey relation analysis (GRA) and verified by correlating with CFF. The results of analysis suggest that among all nine types of EEG indices (θ, α, β, θ/β, α/β, α/θ, θ/(α+β), (α+θ)/β, (α+θ)/(α+β)), α is the most promising indicator for detecting stereoscopic visual fatigue.Index Terms-3D display, visual fatigue, EEG, objective measurement, grey relation analysis. 1551-319X (c)

show abstract

“…The findings suggest that the aspheric design (Digital Zone Optics) of the comfilcon A, Biofinity® Energys lens reduced the accommodative load on the eyes of subjects to a greater extent than did the spherical design of the Biofinity® sphere. Given the association between AMF and asthenopia -AMF is sometimes used as an objective measure of asthenopia -, Biofinity® Energys would be expected to reduce subjective symptoms of eye strain [17][18][19]. The only difference between the two lens types used in this study was their front-surface optical designs, showing that the aspheric design of Biofinity® Energys reduced the accommodative load presented to the ciliary muscles by the reading task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have used AMF as an objective measure of eye strain [17][18][19], including studies that investigated AMF associated with vision correction. In a randomized cross-over study, Kajita et al compared AMF between wear of 2-weekly replacement Menicon DUO and ACUVUE® 2 (etafilcon A) contact lenses [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in accommodative micro-fluctuations after wearing contact lenses of different optical designs

Kajita¹,

Muraoka

Orsborn

2020

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C TPurpose: Accommodative micro-fluctuations (AMF) are small dioptric changes during accommodation. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare changes in AMF when wearing silicone hydrogel contact lenses of two different optical designs. Methods: A multi-centre, randomised, cross-over, non-dispensing study was conducted on 68 adapted contact lens wearers aged 25-35 years to compare AMF responses to a spherical and aspheric silicone hydrogel (comfilcon A) lens designs. A Righton Speedy "i" series Auto Refractometer in accommodation analyser mode was utilized before and after reading a standard text in font size 8 on an iPhone 5 for 20 min at a 25 cm viewing distance. Phone screen brightness was set by automatic adjustment mode and ambient illumination was controlled at all sites. Results: Mean ± SD AMF change from before to after the reading task was 2.25 ± 5.6 and 0.13 ± 5.7 (relative values) for the spherical and aspheric lens designs, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.017, Paired t-test). Conclusions: The smaller change in AMF when using an aspheric lens design suggests reduced ciliary muscle stress when reading print on a smart phone at a close distance for short periods (20 min). Contact lens wearers who frequently use digital devices and are experiencing eye strain may benefit from switching from a spherical design to one that incorporates aspheric optics.

show abstract

Research of accommodative microfluctuations caused by visual fatigue based on liquid crystal and laser displays

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Microfluctuations in accommodation: an update on their characteristics and possible role

Microfluctuations in accommodation: an update on their characteristics and possible role

EEG-Based Assessment of Stereoscopic 3D Visual Fatigue Caused by Vergence-Accommodation Conflict

Changes in accommodative micro-fluctuations after wearing contact lenses of different optical designs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About